Gedhe Kauman Mosque Introduction Application Based On Mobile Augmented Reality

ABSTRACT


Introduction
The city of Yogyakarta has a variety of popular tourist destinations to be visited by tourists ranging from natural attractions that are mostly located in the southern part of the Yogyakarta region such as beaches and hills, then Mount Merapi tours in the north of the city, but in the city itself there are also many tourist attractions that are no less interesting to visit, one of which is the Great Mosque of Yogyakarta, The mosque attracts tourists who are in the middle of the city to perform prayers and get to know more closely about the history of the Great Mosque of Yogyakarta (Brata, Brata, & Pramana, 2018).The Great Mosque of Yogyakarta or better known as Kagungan Dalem Masjid Gedhe Kauman, is an inseparable part of the Yogyakarta Sultanate.The existence of the Gedhe Mosque confirms the existence in Yogyakarta as an Islamic kingdom.The Gedhe Mosque was built on the west side of North Square and southwest of Pasar Beringharjo, not far from the palace building.The Gedhe Mosque was founded on Sunday Wage, May 29, 1773 AD, or 6 Rabi'ul Akhir 1187 Hijri (Riskiono, Susanto, & Kristianto, 2020).The Gedhe Mosque was established on the initiative of Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono I and Kyai Fakih Ibrahim Diponingrat as the head of the palace.The design of the building was done by Kyai Wiryokusumo (Fiaji, Brata, & Zulvarina, 2021).The Gedhe Kauman Mosque has a past building architecture although several renovations have been carried out but have never changed the original form so that people want to know how the shape of the mosque building made in the 18th century.From the results of previous research, it was explained that the introduction of mosques is still manual and historical information is not widely known to tourists, causing a lack of interest in visiting (Achlison, 2020).
Based on the problems found, this study aims to design an Augmented Reality (AR)based application that can make it easier for tourists to recognize history and objects in the Gedhe Kauman Mosque (Organization & Canada, 2015).
Based on previous research and solutions to the problems they raised, the author proposes the title of research on the Mobile Augmented Reality-Based Gedhe Kauman Mosque Introduction Application to help overcome tourist problems in recognizing the Gedhe Kauman Mosque (Mubarak, 2019).
In this study only discusses the history of the introduction of the Gedhe Kauman Mosque, the application made is Augmented Reality which will be designed using Unity 3D and SDK Library.
The purpose of this study is to create an Augmented Reality application for the introduction of the Gedhe Kauman Mosque that can make it easier for tourists to recognize the history of the mosque, and make it easier for the mosque to explain it (Muhammad, Wardhono, & Afirianto, 2018).
The benefits of this research are expected to make it easier for users to recognize about the Gedhe Kauman Mosque in the form of 3D visual objects, increase the attraction of tourists and the surrounding community to visit the Gedhe Kauman Mosque, and provide knowledge about the Gedhe Kauman Mosque to tourists (Nurbaita, Fathda, Nurjayadi, & Efendi, 2021).
The source of information in this study is based on several previous studies used to compare existing advantages and disadvantages.This research seeks various information this study, researchers used one type of data used, namely, qualitative data.Qualitative data is a type of data in research that focuses on the description and in-depth understanding of a phenomenon.This data is not numerically measurable and describes social perspectives, experiences, or contexts.Qualitative data collection methods involve direct interaction with participants through interviews, observation, or document analysis.Qualitative data analysis involves interpreting and extracting meaning from the collected data.
The Gedhe Mosque was built on Sunday Wage, May 29, 1773.The mosque was built on the initiative of Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono 1 and kiai Fakih Ibrahim Diponingrat and designed by Kiai Wiryokusumo.The architectural style of the Gedhe Mosque inherits the style of the Demak Mosque.Gedhe Mosque has the characteristics of 4 main pillars or known as saka guru.There are 48 (forty-eight) pillars in this mosque building, while the roof consists of 16 (sixteen) sides with three levels.

System Analysis
System requirements analysis is carried out to study and understand the needs needed in designing application systems.At this stage, all requirements will be identified and described in detail, including ongoing system analysis, proposed system analysis, input needs, process requirements, output requirements, hardware requirements and specifications, and software requirements.In this needs analysis, each aspect will be explained in detail to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the needs required (Siregar & Permana, 2016).

Analysis of Running Systems
Analysis of the system that runs in this study, it has been written how to make an application that can make it easier or help tourists recognize the Gedhe Kauman mosque, researchers analyze solutions to solve existing problems by making applications that utilize mobile augmented reality technology as a medium of introduction, with the existence of augmented reality technology it is very easy to recognize and understand objects that we want to know with 3-dimensional visuals like real without limited time and place (Syani, 2019).
Along with the development of the era, technology is increasingly sophisticated and helps humans, one of which is a smartphone or mobile.Smartphones are very useful for all of us because there are now many technologies that we can access through smartphones that are owned to be more efficient.From the data we get, smartphone users in Indonesia are getting more and more and the average Indonesian citizen has a smartphone to work and communicate.More than half of the population in Indonesia or 56.2% have used smartphones in 2018.A year later, as many as 63.3% of people used smartphones (Soesilo, 2018).
Based on the problems found, the author wants to create a mobile or androidbased augmented reality application so that it can be used on users' smartphones easily without bothering when they want to know more about the Gedhe Kauman Mosque.
In the first step, researchers identify the problems found at this point.This is used as a basis for designing the system to achieve perfect goals and results.Due to the limitations of the introduction media that only relies on tour guides and just descriptions on the QR code, tourists do not understand the history of the Gedhe Kauman Mosque.
The second step, the researcher proposes a model to solve the problems found.Researchers found a solution by making visualizations of the Gedhe Kauman Mosque in 3-dimensional form that can make it easier for tourists to recognize the mosque without the help of a tour guide.The first stage in this step is that researchers collect data about the Gedhe Kauman Mosque so that the application made can provide an accurate explanation.The next stage researchers design applications from the data obtained and make 3-dimensional objects as precise as possible as the original so that later tourists more clearly recognize in detail the objects in the mosque building (Makhasi & Fakhrurrifqi, 2020).
The third step, the final condition in the design that is made and has become a ready-to-use application.Researchers hope that the application made can greatly help tourists recognize mosques with the features in the application that can spoil tourists.

Figure 1 Research Framework Analysis of the Proposed System
The system analysis proposed in this study uses system architecture.The architecture of the system can be seen in figure 2.

Figure 2 System Architecture
The description of the system architecture in figure 2 is as follows: 1. User opens or accesses applications on the smartphone 2. The user selects the Augmented Reality menu, then the system asks for permission to turn on the user's smartphone camera to detect the mmarker that has been provided 3. The system will read the intended marker and then bring up a 3-dimensional object of the Gedhe Kauman Mosque a. Functional Analysis Functional needs are needs that contain processes that will be needed by the application.There are three needs in the functional needs of this application, namely input needs, process needs, external needs.1. Input needs 1) User Interface 2) Required markers 3) Description of the history of the mosque 4) Sound explanation description 5) Mosque floor plan 2. Process requirements 1) The system can display objects from scanned markers 2) All menus can display accordingly 3) The application can run properly 4) No bugs on the app 3. External needs 1) Information about mosques 2) Mosque objects 3) Explanatory voice b.Non Functional Analysis Non-functional requirements analysis contains what software and hardware components are used in the manufacture and testing of the system to be created.

Software Requirements
Here are some of the needs that will be used: 1) Windows 11 Operating System Version 22H2 2) Unity 3D 2021.3.1f1 3) Blender 3.2 4) Canva 5) Figma 6) Mockflow 2. Hardware Requirements 1) Laptop The hardware used in designing and creating applications is as follows.

2) Android Smartphones
The next hardware is a smartphone that helps this application in the testing process so that the application can run perfectly as desired.Here are the specifications of the smaratphone used.

System Design Logical Design
The logical design in this study uses flowcharts and Unfield Modeling Language (UML).Flowchart Flowcharts are used to show the entire workflow of the system, flowcharts can be seen in figure 3.

Figure 3 Flowchart Unfield Modeling Language (UML)
In logical design, researchers use UML diagrams where these diagrams function as visuals of system design to be created and modeling or images to users.This design uses three UML diagram models consisting of, use case diagram, activity diagram, class diagram

Use Case Diagram
Use case diagrams contain users and activities that users can perform when using the application system, as figure 4.

Figure 4 Use Case Diagram
There is one actor involved in the diagram above.Users can select several menus on the system when using it.1. Activity Diagram Activity diagrams contain a sequence of user activities and processes performed by the system.In application design, there are four activity diagrams as follows.1) Activity diagram augmented reality

Figure 5 Activity diagram augmented reality
Process activity diagram in figure 5 The user opens the application then the system displays a menu, the user selects the augmented reality menu, the system will ask permission to turn on the user's camera, then scan the marker provided, if the system reads the marker it will display a 3-dimensional object, otherwise the system will continue to detect the marker.

Figure 6 Activity diagram Information
Based on the process in figure 6, when the user opens the application and opens the information menu, the system will display information about the use of the application.

Figure 7 Aactivity diagram Credit
Based on the process in figure 7 When the user is shown a menu, then selects the credit menu, the system will display a profile about the developer and about the augmented reality application of Masjid Gedhe Kauman.

Figure 8 Activity diagram Exit
Regarding the process in figure 8.If the user wants to exit the application then select the exit menu, the application will not exit immediately, the system displays "Are you sure you want to exit the application?"and will be provided with the option "YES or NO".

Class Diagram
Class diagram is a modeling that functions as a logical model of a system.The class diagram will show the schematic of the architecture and the relationship of each object of the designed system, can be seen in figure 9.

Table 3 Menu Page Description
Button function 1 The first button is a button to open 3D objects or scan 2 The second button is an information button about how to use the application 3 The third button is a credit button that contains the developer's profile and about the application 4 The last button is an exit button that functions to exit the application

Augmented Reality Page
Figure 11 AR Page Design There are several buttons in figure 11, along with a table description on the augmented reality page.

Table 4 Augmented Reality Page Description
Button Function 1 The first button in the upper left corner is a button to return to the menu 2 The second button in the upper right corner is the mute button for sound 3 The red circle is a button for scanning 4 Description is a story about the history and explanation of the object displayed 5 The play button serves as an explanation start using voice 6 The pause button serves as an explanatory sound pause

Credit Page
The credit pages have two pages which can be seen carefully in figures 12 and 13. 1) Developer profile page Figure 12 Credit Developer Page Design On the developer credits page there is a brief profile about the application developer and the button returns to the main menu page, the slide can be shifted to the application credits page.2) About app page  On the information page there is information on the guide to using the Gedhe Kauman Mosque augmented reality application, if users are confused when using the application, the information menu has provided a user guide.

Conclusion
Research and design of the Mobile Augmenteed Reality-Based Introduction to the Gedhe Kauman Mosque application has been successfully carried out and testing has been carried out to test the application and obtained the following results: The Gedhe Kauman Mosque Introduction Application is used as an introduction and learning medium for the Gedhe Kauman mosque for tourists and the surrounding community.
The use of this application is recommended to use android with version 8.1 (Oreo) and above.

Figure 9
Figure 9 Class diagram Physical DesignPhysical design aims to design the system user interface in the form of a prototype to facilitate the creation of applications.The following is the prototype of the Kauman Mosque Introduction Application interface.Menu page

Figure 13
Figure 13 Credit Application Page DesignOn the application credit page there is a brief profile about the Gedhe Kauman Mosque augmented reality application, the back button serves to return to the developer profile page and the home button serves to return to the main menu page. 1. Information Page

Figure
Figure 14 Information Page DesignOn the information page there is information on the guide to using the Gedhe Kauman Mosque augmented reality application, if users are confused when using the application, the information menu has provided a user guide.