p–ISSN: 2723 - 6609 e-ISSN: 2745-5254

Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 http://jist.publikasiindonesia.id/

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1415

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of

local material Kinang Jingkion as coarse aggregate against

the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo

Regency

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo

, Bahtiar

, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta

Harmonis Rante

, Apolo Safanpo

, Janviter Manalu

Universitas Cendrawasih Jayawijaya Papua, Indonesia

Email: [email protected]

*Correspondence

ABSTRACT

Keywords:

Kinang Jingkion;

Abrasion; Optimum

Asphalt Grade (KAO).

This study aims to analyze the nature of chemical content,

analyze abrasion value and optimum asphalt content using

local Kinang Jingkion as road pavement material. In this

study, XRF and XRD testing methods were used to

determine the chemical content of Kinang Jingkion local

material, then testing the characteristics of rough aggregate

to determine the abrasion value, testing fine aggregate

characteristics, and testing asphalt pen 60/70 and marshall

test to determine the optimum asphalt content (KAO). The

tests obtained the results of comparative data analysis

between laboratory tests and literature standards that meet

the eligibility requirements. The results showed that: First,

the results of XRF and XRD analysis on Wilihingke

samples, 0.15 mm granules, 2.36 mm granules, and Kinang

Holuwon found that all chemical elements contained in the

four samples were solid metal inorganic chemical elements.

The results of this analysis prove that the four samples,

which are fine aggregates and coarse aggregates, do not

contain organic substances. Where the results of this

analysis are by the requirements of aggregates which are one

of the components in the concrete mixture, where the

aggregates used must meet certain conditions, one of which

must not contain excess organic matter because it can

undergo decay by bacteria using dissolved oxygen; Second,

from the test results obtained, the aggregate wear value

(abrasion) was 32.69%; Third, based on the test results, the

value of the Marshall parameter with Optimum Asphalt

Content (KAO) obtained a value of 6.125%.

Introduction

The area of Papua, which is the largest island in Indonesia, is 78,000 KM2, so to

develop and drive national development, the land transportation sector plays a very

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo, Bahtiar, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta, Harmonis Rante, Apolo

Safanpo, Janviter Manalu

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1416

important role in bringing a district closer to other districts in the context of realizing the

archipelago insight, so as to direct the growth of trade and general development activities

(Budiman, Saori, Anwar, Fitriani, & Pangestu, 2021).

The transportation system is an important element in the development of the

Regency / City area, especially for Papua Province which has 29 districts / cities, where

to connect between districts / cities, one of which is through land transportation, besides

that the transportation system is also a support in the economic activities of a region

(Prastika, Suhendra, & Dony, 2021). The construction, improvement, and maintenance of

roads and bridges is one of the priority programs in almost all local and central

governments (Fitri, Yusibani, & Yufita, 2016).

Yalimo Regency is one of the regencies located in the mountainous area (Lapago);

Yalimo Regency was divided from Jayawijaya Regency, with the capital located in Elelim

district. The transportation system of goods and services in Yalimo Regency still relies

on the Wamena-Jayapura air and land transportation routes (Kumendong, Kaseke, &

Diantje, 2015). Currently there is a Trans Papua Road that allows access from Yalimo

Regency to Jayapura Regency, but at certain times it cannot be passed due to landslides

or damage to the road body, so that some basic materials, fuel, and building materials are

transported by airplane from Jayapura to Wamena, then sent to Yalimo Regency using

trucks, this results in the price of goods in Yalimo Regency increasing high, because the

cost of air transportation from Jayapura-Wamena is quite large (Business News.id, 2022).

In addition to high fuel and basic food prices due to logistics transportation costs,

the cost of road pavement work in Yalimo Regency has also indirectly increased because

road pavements generally use flexible pavement where asphalt is the main adhesive

(Situmorang, Pratomo, & Herianto, 2016). Papua has abundant wealth and natural

resources, especially Yalimo Regency, which has potential natural resources that can be

used as alternatives or substitutes for asphalt, which can reduce the use of road

infrastructure budgets so that the budget can be diverted to education, health, and other

infrastructure development. This natural material to replace asphalt was discovered by Ir.

Yan Ukago, M.T., Head of the PUPR Office of Yalimo Regency named Kinang Jingkion

in his presentation said "Yalimo asphalt is a natural product not a residue of oil and gas

processing and can be a local material for domestic infrastructure projects such as roads,

bridges or others", this local material has been used on primary local class roads

connecting Local Activity Centers (PKL) and Regional Activity Centers (PKW).

However, the local material of Kinang Jingkion cannot be known in detail in terms

of material content as road pavement material, for that the author is interested in analyzing

the chemical content of local material Kinang Jingkion as a layer of road pavement in

Yalimo Regency (Fitri, Yusibani, & Yufita, 2017).

The purpose of the research is to analyze the nature of chemical content, abrasion

value in use, and Optimum Asphalt Content (KAO) value in the use of Kinang Jingkion

local material to be used as road pavement material (Hamzah & Learn, 2010). The

benefits to be achieved are for the development of theories related to the nature of

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of local material Kinang Jingkion as

coarse aggregate against the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo Regency

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1417

chemical content and the use of local material Kinan Jingkion as a crude agregrat to the

characteristics of laston mixtures (Vitri & Herman, 2019).

Based on research by (Suaryana, Susanto, Ronny, & Sembayang, 2018) entitled

Testing Local Materials as Road Pavement Materials on Remote and Outermost Islands,

where it is explained that local materials that can be used for road construction in the

Mentawai Islands are yellow sirtu and black sirtu respectively for the foundation layer

with 6% cement stabilization; for the Aru Islands are coral for foundation layers and sea

sand for paved mixtures and cement concrete mixtures; and, Morotai Island is Momojiu

limestone for foundation layers, Rau limestone for paved mixtures, Bere-bere sea sand

for paved mixtures and cement concrete mixtures, and Sabatai sea sand for paved

mixtures and cement concrete mixtures. Another study was conducted by (Yoo et al.,

2019) with the title Determination of the Quality of Local Aggregate Material as a

Flexible Pavement Mixture in the Macadam Penetration Layer in the form of Gradation,

Wear, Flatness Index and Blanketing and Peeling Test Results on Cisero aggregates better

than Puncak Kalong and Pareang aggregates (Darlita, Joy, & Sudirja, 2017). The broken

field in Pareang aggregate is better than Cisero aggregate and Puncak kalong aggregate

because the material comes from rocks in the hills. In general, good aggregates used as

lapen construction are Cisero and Puncak kalong. The aggregate from the Pareang quarry

above can be used for pavement on environmental roads and footpaths.

Research Methods

This study was taken from Eleim District, Yalimo Regency, Papua Province

samples. The primary data directly taken is in the form of local material Kinang Jingkion,

which is the result of gradation of coarse aggregate held in filter no.8. The skunder data

used is in the form of literature by studying similar previous research, theories related to

Laston AC-WC, methods, research procedures and data analysis techniques that support

research on the use of Kinang Jingkion as a coarse aggregate (Sugiyono, 2017). After the

data is collected, the next step is material preparation and data analysis techniques.

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo, Bahtiar, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta, Harmonis Rante, Apolo

Safanpo, Janviter Manalu

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1418

Figure 1 Research Flow Chart

Begin

Studi Literatur:

1. Previous

Research

2. SNI Testing

3. Pavement Design

Manual 2017

Pengambilan

Sampel

Testing of

Chemical/Orga

nic Elements

Content:

1. XRF

2. XRD

Characteristic

Testing of

Coarse

Agregrate:

1. Sieve

Analysis

2. Keausan

(Abration)

3. Specific

Gravity and

Absorption

4. Flank and

Kelonjongan

Characteristic

Testing of Fine

Agregrate:

1. Sieve

Analysis

2. Specific

Gravity and

Absorption

3. Sand

Equivalen

Asphalt Pen

60/70 Testing:

1. Penetrasi

2. Flabby Point

3. Ductility

4. Specific

gravity

5. Lose Weight

6. Solubility

Meet Spesifikasi

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of local material Kinang Jingkion as

coarse aggregate against the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo Regency

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1419

Figure 2 Advanced Research Flow Chart

Results and Discussion

The results of XRF analysis on Wilihingke samples, 0.15 mm granules, Kinang

Holuwon, and 2.36 mm granules found that all chemical elements contained in the four

samples were solid metal inorganic chemical elements. The results of this analysis prove

that the four samples which are fine aggregates and coarse aggregates do not contain

organic substances where the results of this analysis are in accordance with the

requirements of aggregates which are one of the components in the concrete mixture,

where the aggregates used must meet certain conditions, one of which must not contain

excess organic matter because it can undergo decay by bacteria using dissolved oxygen.

From each chemical element data contained is not much different and almost the

same number of elements and percentages, and it was found that the elements that

dominate the alloy of materials formed are Aluminum (Al), Silisium (Si), and Iron (Fe).

This can make the four prancing samples classified as ferrous metals. Ferrous metal is an

alloy metal with iron as the main constituent compared to other types of metals.

There are also metal characteristics, namely:

1. Its mechanical properties include strength, flexibility, hardness, fatigue resistance, and

other properties.

Design Sampel

Marshall Test

Determination

KAO

Analysis of

comparative data

between laboratory

test results and

literature standards

that meet the

eligibility

requirements

Conclusion

Finish

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo, Bahtiar, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta, Harmonis Rante, Apolo

Safanpo, Janviter Manalu

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1420

2. Physical properties, such as heat conductivity, electricity, density, magnetic, and and

optical conductivity.

3. Chemical properties include resistance to corrosion and other things related to

chemically materials.

4. Technology includes the ability of metals to be further processed, such as shaped,

welded, joined, machined, cast, and hardened.

Which corresponds to the science of metal metallurgy. The properties possessed by

a metal will be related to one another. A component made of metal in its application is

largely determined by the ability of the metal to be used. Where the metal is used and the

material of the metal so that knowledge covers the various characteristics of the metal

used. The macroscopic behavior of materials certainly plays an important role in

explaining the properties of materials as hard, strong, brittle, forgible, magnetic, wear-

resistant, and others that are relevant to the properties of asphalt.

Chemically pure iron (Ferro or Fe) is not suitable as a material because it is too soft.

Technically treatable iron is always an alloy of iron (Fe) with charcoal (C) and other

elements. The measure that determines hardness, strength and ductility is the amount of

charcoal (carbon) contained in iron, where the characteristics of the jingkion kinang

sample are in accordance with the characteristics of asphalt raw materials, the properties

and raw materials that make up asphalt are having durability, cohesion and adhesion,

sensitivity to temperature, asphalt hardness and asphalt viscoelasticity.

Analysis of Element Content Using XRD

To determine the accuracy of the material elements, researchers run or test each

sample. The following are the results of chemical element testing using XRD.

1. XRD Aeris Suite Spectrometer Tool Specification vs. 1.4b (28)

Aeris is a Benchtop X-ray diffractometer and PANalytic device with the following

configuration:

Table 1

Spectrometer XRD Aeris Suite Configuration vs. 1.4b (28)

X-Ray Tube

Empyrean Cu/Co Tube

Detector

PIXcel1D Ultrafast Detector

Filter

Nor do they give faith

Spinner

Reflection Transmission Spinner

Arc

Movement

DOPS Gonio Technology

2. Test Results

a. Wilihingke

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of local material Kinang Jingkion as

coarse aggregate against the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo Regency

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1421

Figure 3 Wilihingke XRD Test Results and Wilihingke Match Data

The results of qualitative analysis with Search-Match [Hartono et al., 2009] show

that the oxide element that makes up rocks predominantly is Quartz (SiO2). This can be

seen in the XRD results that the quartz content (Quartz) appears at each crystal peak in

the results of the 0.15 mm Granule sample match data; these results prove that the results

of analysis using XRF containing Silica as much as 50.493% by the results of analysis

using the search match application.

b. Details 0.15 mm

Figure 4 XRD Test Results and Match Data Details 0.15 mm

The results of qualitative analysis with Search-Match [Hartono et al., 2009] show

that the oxide element that makes up rocks predominantly is Quartz (SiO2). This can be

seen in the XRD results that the quartz content (Quartz) appears at each crystal peak in

the results of the 0.15 mm sample match data; these results prove that the results of

analysis using XRF containing Silica as much as 42.3063% by the results of analysis

using the search match application.

c. Details 2,36 mm

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo, Bahtiar, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta, Harmonis Rante, Apolo

Safanpo, Janviter Manalu

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1422

Gambar 5 Hasil Pengujian XRD dan Match Data Butiran 2,36 mm

The results of qualitative analysis with Search-Match [Hartono et al., 2009] show

that the oxide element that makes up rocks predominantly is Quartz (SiO2). This can be

seen in the XRD results that the quartz content (Quartz) appears at each crystal peak in

the results of the 2.36mm Granules sample match data; these results prove that the results

of analysis using XRF containing Silica as much as 45.983% by the results of analysis

using the search match application.

d. Kinang Holuwon

Figure 6 XRD Test Results and Kinang Holuwon Match Data

The results of qualitative analysis with Search-Match [Hartono et al., 2009] show

that the oxide element that makes up rocks predominantly is Quartz (SiO2). This can be

seen in the XRD results that the quartz content (Quartz) appears at each crystal peak in

the results of the Kinang Holuwon sample match data; these results prove that the results

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of local material Kinang Jingkion as

coarse aggregate against the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo Regency

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1423

of the analysis using XRF containing Silica as much as 41.0436% and containing Annite

and Aluminum by the results of analysis using the search application match (in figure 7).

Annite falls into the category of "biotite" minerals usually used in the field because

the group of black mica minerals (annite, siderophyllite, fluoro phlogopite, eastonite, and

so on) generally cannot be distinguished without optical, chemical, or x-ray analysis.

Biotite can form under metamorphic conditions when claystones are exposed to heat and

pressure to form schists and gneiss. Although biotite is not very resistant to weathering

and can turn into clay minerals, sometimes biotite can still be found in sedimentary and

sandstone materials. Biotite minerals have commercial uses, such as being used as fillers

and "extenders" in paints, as additives to drilling mud, as inert fillers and molding media,

and as surface coatings in the asphalt industry. Biotite is also used in potassium-argon

and argon methods in igneous rocks.

Aluminum metal is a metal that has light properties whose utilization is very wide.

Besides being lightweight, it has other advantages, such as good heat introduction. This

material is used in a wide field not only for household appliances but also for the material

needs of aircraft, cars, ships, and construction. Aluminum has several physical character

properties, including having a specific gravity of about 2.65-2.8 kg/dm3, having good

electrical and thermal conductivity, resistance to corrosion in some materials, melting

point of 6580°C.

The presence of the dominant content of annite and aluminum in the holuwon king

sample can prove that the results of this analysis are suitable as raw materials for asphalt.

The index of rocks, in addition to being determined by the proportion of weight of coarse

and fine grain fractions, is also influenced by the amount of minerals that make up the

mass. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a very important method in mineral characterization.

The stages of XRD work consists of four stages: production, diffraction, detection, and

interpretation (Rahman, 2008).

XRD identification was analyzed to determine mineralogy characteristics, and the

comparison of the results of XRF analysis on the four samples used in this study should

be comparable. Mineral content testing aims to determine the type and percentage of

mineral content contained in jinking king samples. XRD test output data, in the form of

diffractogram graphs, are used to determine what phases (crystals) are included in the test

specimen. Phase identification is done by finding the peak position and matching the

phase in the database. This study used the help of the Match 2.0 program to match the

spectrum of XRD test results with a reference database of previously known mineral

spectra.

Based on the search-match results, XRF analysis can be identified in proportion to

the mineral content of the four jingling bird samples and their percentage. The Wilihingke

sample obtained has a dominant mineral content consisting of Quartz (SiO2) 50.493%,

Fe 17.467%, and Al 12.5643%, the 0.15 mm Granule sample obtained has a dominant

mineral content consisting of Quartz (SiO2) 42.3063%, Fe 22.4476% and Al 16.0036%,

the 2.36 mm Granulated sample obtained has a dominant mineral content consisting of

Quartz (SiO2) 45.983%, Fe 20.293% and Al 16.486%, Kinang Holuwon samples

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo, Bahtiar, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta, Harmonis Rante, Apolo

Safanpo, Janviter Manalu

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1424

obtained have a dominant mineral content consisting of Quarts (SiO2) 41.0436%, but in

the Kinang Holuwon sample, Fe and Al content is greater than the other three samples,

namely Fe 30.08% and Al 8.89%.

Figure 7

Percentage of Mineral Content from XRD Analysis with Search Match

Based on the results of XRD analysis, the four samples of Kinang Jingkion, namely

Wilihingke, Granules 0.15 mm, Granules 2.36 mm, and Kinang Holuwon, the results of

Quartz (SiO2) content were at each crystal peak of the four samples. Quartz (SiO2)

content, which is very dominant in sample test results, must influence the quality of the

four samples. Quartz minerals have a hardness scale of 7, so it can be concluded that the

greater the level of mineral hardness in the sample, the greater the CBR value. From these

advantages, quartz value (Quartz) has the potential to be used to improve asphalt

performance.

Crude Agregrat Testing

The crude aggregate testing was conducted on Tuesday, January 10 to 11, 2023, at

the National Road Implementation Center (BPJN) Laboratory in Jayapura. The aggregate

used is the coarse aggregate produced by the crusher produced by PT. Topas.

Aggregate Wear (Abrasion) Testing With Los Angeles Machines

This test refers to SNI 2417: 2008 to determine the wear rate expressed by the ratio

between the weight of the worn material to the original weight in percent. The results of

this test can be seen in Table 2.

Table 2

Agregrat (abrasion) wear testing with Los Angeles engines

Sieve

Weight and Gradation of Test Specimen

(grams)

Escape

Stuck

Test Specimen 1

Test Specimen 2

3 / 4 "

1 / 2 "

2500

1 / 2 "

3 / 8 "

2500

Total weight (A)

5000

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of local material Kinang Jingkion as

coarse aggregate against the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo Regency

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1425

Weight restrained filter no.

12 ( B )

4611,60

3365,70

Number of Balls

Number of Collisions

100

500

Requirements (Maximum)

40%

The weight of the Aus (C =

A – B)

388,40

1634,30

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From the test results obtained, the gross aggregate wear value is 32.69%, meets the

requirements, and can be used to make test specimens.

Blanketing and peeling testing on aggregate-asphalt mixtures

This test refers to SNI 2439: 2011 to determine the percentage of aggregate surface

area covered with asphalt against the entire aggregate surface. The results of this test are

seen visually, that the asphalt blanketing of aggregate is 100%. This means meeting the

required specifications of at least 95%.

Specific gravity and absorption testing of coarse aggregates

This test refers to SNI 1969: 2016 to determine the weight gain of an aggregate due

to water seeping into the pores, but excluding water retained on the outer surface of the

particles, expressed as a percentage of their dry weight. The results of this test can be seen

in Table 3 and Table 4.

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo, Bahtiar, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta, Harmonis Rante, Apolo

Safanpo, Janviter Manalu

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1426

Table 3

Specific gravity and absorption testing of crude aggregates (Uk. 1-2)

Description

Testing

War -

War

Oven dry specimen weight

1196.0

1198.0

1197.0

Weight of saturated surface

specimen

1235.4

1238.5

1237.0

The weight of the specimen in the

water

757.0

759.1

758.1

Specific Gravity

( Bulk )



  

2.50

The specific gravity of

saturated surface dry

( SSD )



  

2.58

Apparent specific

gravity

(Apparent

)



  

2.72

2.73

Absorption

  





3.29

3.38

3.34

Based on the test results of specific gravity and absorption of coarse aggregate (UK.

1-2 cm), the specific gravity value of aggregate is 2.50%. This meets the standards set in

SNI 1969: 2016, which is at least 2.50%. Thus, aggregates can be used to make AC-WC

hot asphalt mixtures.

Table 4

Specific gravity and absorption testing of crude aggregates (UK. 1-2)

Description

Testing

War -

War

Oven dry specimen weight

1235.

1237.

1236.3

Weight of saturated surface

specimen

1277.

1279.

1278.8

The weight of the specimen in the

water

768.7

770.1

769.4

Specific Gravity

( Bulk )



  

2.53

2.48

2.50

The specific gravity of

saturated surface dry

( SSD )



  

2.57

2.54

2.56

Apparent specific gravity

(Appare

nt)



  

2.65

Absorption

  





1.83

2.62

2.22

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of local material Kinang Jingkion as

coarse aggregate against the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo Regency

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1427

Based on the test results of specific gravity and absorption of coarse aggregate (UK.

0.5-1 cm), the specific gravity value of aggregate is 2.50%. This meets the standards set

in SNI 1969: 2016, which is at least 2.50%. Thus, aggregates can be used to make AC-

WC hot asphalt mixtures.

From the test results for coarse aggregates measuring 1-2 cm and measuring 0.5-1

cm, it can be seen that the larger the aggregate size, the greater the aggregate specific

gravity value. It can also be seen that the larger the aggregate size, the smaller the

aggregate absorption. This is because a larger aggregate surface area results in smaller

absorption.

Fine Agregrat Testing

Fine aggregate testing was carried out on Tuesday, January 10 to 12, 2023 at the

National Road Implementation Center (BPJN) Laboratory in Jayapura. The aggregate

used is a fine broken aggregate resulting from the crusher produced by PT. Topas and

Sand of the Landik River.

Specific gravity testing and fine agregrat absorption

This study refers to SNI 2417: 2008 with the aim of determining the wear rate

expressed by the ratio between the weight of worn material to the original weight in

percent. The results of this test can be seen in Table 5 and Table 6.

Table 5

Specific gravity and absorption testing of fine agregrat (fine rupture agregrate)

Description

Testing

War -

War

Weight of saturated surface specimen

( SSD)

500

Oven dry specimen weight

(B )

489.1

488.2

488.65

Picnometer weight + water

(Calibration)

(B)

658.0

659.1

658.55

Picnometer weight + Water +

Examples

( Bt )

962.7

964.8

963.75

Specific Gravity

(Bulk)



    

2.504

2.513

2.508

Specific gravity of

saturated surface dry

(SSD)



    

2.560

2.573

2.567

Apparent specific

gravity

(Apparent)



    

2.652

2.675

2.664

Absorption

  





2.229

2.417

2.323

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo, Bahtiar, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta, Harmonis Rante, Apolo

Safanpo, Janviter Manalu

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1428

Based on the test results of specific gravity and absorption of fine aggregate (fine

broken aggregate), the specific gravity value of aggregate is 2.508%. This meets the

standards set in SNI 1969: 2016, which is at least 2.50%. Thus aggregates can be used to

make AC-WC hot asphalt mixtures.

Table 6

Specific gravity and absorption testing of fine agregrrates (sand)

Description

Testing

War

Weight of saturated surface specimen

(SSD)

500

Oven dry specimen weight

(BK)

490.1

489.1

490.1

Weight picnometer + water (

Calibration )

( B )

660.6

667.2

660.6

Picnometer weight + Water +

Examples

( Bt )

964.0

972.9

964

Specific Gravity

(Bulk)



    

2.493

2.522

2.508

Specific gravity of

saturated surface dry

(SSD)



    

2.543

2.573

2.558

Apparent specific

gravity

(Apparent)



    

2.625

2.685

2.655

Absorption

  





2.020

2.648

2.334

Based on the test results of specific gravity and absorption of fine aggregate (sand),

the specific gravity value of aggregate is 2.508%. This meets the standards set in SNI

1969: 2016, which is at least 2.50%. Thus aggregates can be used to make AC-WC hot

asphalt mixtures.

Testing of fine agregrat or sand containing plastic material in a sand-equivalent

manner

This research refers to SNI 4428:1997 with the aim of determining the quality of

sand or fine aggregate that passes filter number 4 (4.76 mm). The results of this test can

be seen in Table 7 and Table 8.

Table 7

Testing of fine agregrat or sand containing plastic material by means of sand

equivalent (fine broken agregrat)

Description

Testing

Tera height stem pointing the load into the

measuring cup (glass in dry condition)

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of local material Kinang Jingkion as

coarse aggregate against the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo Regency

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1429

Read the mud scale (mud surface scale reading look

at the wall of the measuring cup)

5.0

4.8

Load input, read the load scale on the pointing stem

12.6

12.5

Read the sand scale (reading 3 - reading 1)

2.6

2.5

Sand Equivalent Value, sand scale (4/2 ) x 100%

52.00

52.08

War – War

52.04

Based on the test results of fine aggregate or sand containing plastic materials by

means of sand equivalent (fine broken aggregate), the equivalent value of sand for

aggregate is 52.04%. This meets the standards set in SNI 4428:1997, which is at least

50.00%. Thus aggregates can be used to make AC-WC hot asphalt mixture.

Table 8

Testing of fine agregrat or sand containing plastic material in a sand-equivalent way

(sand)

Description

Testing

Tera height stem pointing the load into the

measuring cup (glass in dry condition)

Read the mud scale (mud surface scale reading look

at the wall of the measuring cup)

4.5

Load input, read the load scale on the pointing stem

14.0

Read the sand scale (reading 3 - reading 1)

4.0

Sand Equivalent Value, sand scale (4/2 )x 100%

89.89

88.89

War - war

89.39

Based on the test results of fine aggregate or sand containing plastic materials by

means of sand equivalent (sand), the equivalent value of sand for aggregate is 89.39%.

This meets the standards set in SNI 4428: 1997, which is at least 50.00%. Thus aggregates

can be used to make AC-WC hot asphalt mixture.

Asphalt Testing

Asphalt testing will be carried out on Monday, January 16, 2023 at the National

Road Implementation Center (BPJN) Laboratory in Jayapura.

Asphalt Penetration Testing

This test refers to SNI 2456: 2011 with the aim of measuring the consistency of

asphalt. A high penetration value indicates a softer consistency of asphalt. The results of

this test can be seen in Table 9.

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo, Bahtiar, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta, Harmonis Rante, Apolo

Safanpo, Janviter Manalu

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1430

Table 9

Asphalt Penetration Testing

Penetration Check

Test Specimen

at °C, 100gram, 5sec

Observation 1

Observation 2

Observation 3

Observation 4

Observation 5

War – War

Rata – Rata

Specifications

60 -70

From the results of asphalt terteration testing, 66 mm results were obtained. This

means that PEN 60/70 asphalt can be used to make asphalt mixture test specimens as

required by 60-70 mm.

Asphalt Specific Gravity Testing

This test refers to SNI 2441: 2011 with the aim of determining the ratio of the mass

of a material with the mass of water at the same content and temperature. The results of

this test can be seen in Table 10.

Table 10

Asphalt Specific Gravity Testing

Test Specimen

Picnometer Weight + Asphalt

48.373

gram

48.563

gram

Empty Picnometer Weight

32.163

gram

32.196

gram

Asphalt Weight (a)

16.21

gram

16.367

gram

Picnometer Weight + water

59.217

gram

59.308

gram

Empty Picnometer Weight

32.163

gram

32.196

gram

Water weight (b)

27.054

gram

27.112

gram

Picnometer Weight + Water +

Asphalt

59.507

gram

59.718

gram

Picnometer + Aspal

48.373

gram

48.563

gram

Water weight (c)

11.134

gram

11.155

gram

Asphalt Fill (b-c)

15.92

15.957

Specific Gravity I = Weight of

asphalt/asphalt content

1.018

gram/ml

Specific Gravity II = Weight of

asphalt / asphalt content

1.026

gram/ml

War – War

1.022

gram/ml

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of local material Kinang Jingkion as

coarse aggregate against the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo Regency

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1431

Specifications

≥1.0 grams/ml

From the results of testing the specific gravity of asphalt, the results were obtained

1.022 g / ml. This means that PEN 60/70 asphalt can be used to make asphalt mixture test

specimens as required greater than or equal to 1 gr/ml.

Asphalt ductility testing

This test refers to SNI 2432: 2011 with the aim of determining the extundance

properties of asphalt measured at the time of breaking. The results of this test can be seen

in Table 11.

Table 11

Asphalt ductility testing

Ductility Check

Test Specimen

at 25°C.5 cm per minute

Observation

113.9

Specifications

≥ 100 cm

From the results of asphalt ductility testing, 113.9 cm results were obtained. This

means that PEN 60/70 asphalt can be used to make asphalt mixture test specimens as

required greater than or equal to 100.00 cm.

Asphalt Flash Point Testing

This test refers to SNI 2433: 2011 with the aim of determining the lowest

temperature at which the vapor of the test specimen can ignite (short blue flame) when

passed by the tester's flame. The results of this test can be seen in Table 12.

Table 12

Asphalt Flash Point Testing

Flash Point

Example (°C)

Observation 1

286

Observation 2

292

Specifications

≥ 232 °C

From the results of asphalt flash point testing, observations 1 and observation 2

were obtained respectively 286 oC and 292 oC. This means that PEN 60/70 asphalt can

be used to make asphalt mixture test specimens as required greater than or equal to 232

oC.

Asphalt Soft Point Testing

This test refers to SNI 2434: 2011 with the aim of determining the temperature

when a steel ball with a certain weight &; pressing down a layer of asphalt that is held in

a certain sized ring &; so that the asphalt touches the base plate located in the wet ring at

a distance of 25.4 mm and as a result of a certain heating speed. The results of this test

can be seen in Table 13.

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo, Bahtiar, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta, Harmonis Rante, Apolo

Safanpo, Janviter Manalu

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1432

Table 13

Asphalt Soft Point Testing

Soft point check

Left

temperature rise of 5°C per minute

Observation

Specifications

≥ 48

From the test results of the asphalt soft point, observations of 49 oC were obtained.

This means that PEN 60/70 asphalt can be used to make asphalt mixture test specimens

as required greater than or equal to 48 oC.

Filter Analysis

The filter analysis test was carried out on Wednesday, January 11, 2023 at the

National Road Implementation Center (BPJN) Laboratory in Jayapura. This study refers

to SNI 1968: 1990 with the aim of obtaining the distribution of the magnitude or

percentage of grains both fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. The obtained distribution

can be indicated in a table or graph. Analysis is carried out on coarse and fine aggregates

and filler materials. The results of this test can be seen in the tables below.

Table 14

Crude Agregrat Sieve Analysis (Uk. 1-2 cm)

No.

Brt.

Restrained

Cumulative

Average

No.

Brt.

Restrained

Cumulative

Sieve

Cumulative

Tthn.

Passes

Sieve

Cumulative

Tthn.

Passes

1 1/2"

0.0

0.00

100.00

1 1/2"

0.0

0.00

100.00

0.0

0.00

100.00

0.0

0.00

100.00

3/4 "

0.0

0.00

100.00

3/4 "

0.0

0.00

100.00

1/2 "

1662.4

78.45

21.55

20.45

1/2 "

1624.9

80.65

19.35

3/8 "

2091.5

98.70

1.30

1.66

3/8 "

1974.0

97.97

2.03

No. 4

2115.9

99.85

0.15

0.20

No. 4

2009.5

99.74

0.26

No. 8

2117.3

99.92

0.08

0.12

No. 8

2011.4

99.83

0.17

No. 16

2117.7

99.94

0.06

0.10

No. 16

2012.1

99.87

0.13

No. 30

2117.9

99.95

0.05

0.09

No. 30

2012.4

99.88

0.12

No. 50

2118.1

99.96

0.04

0.07

No. 50

2012.7

99.90

0.10

No.

100

2118.7

99.99

0.01

0.04

No.

100

2013.6

99.94

0.06

No.

200

2119.0

100

0.00

0.02

No.

200

2014.0

99.96

0.04

PAN

2119

PAN

2014.8

From the results of sieve analysis for coarse aggregate (Uk. 1-2 cm) obtained the

percentage of aggregate passing filter No. 200 of 0.02%. This means that coarse aggregate

(Uk. 1-2 cm) can be used on AC-WC hot asphalt mixture as required maximum pass

1.00%.

Table 15

Crude Agregrat Sieve Analysis (Uk. 0.5-1 cm)

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of local material Kinang Jingkion as

coarse aggregate against the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo Regency

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1433

No.

Brt.

Restrained

Cumulative

Average

No.

Brt.

Restrained

Cumulative

Sieve

Cumulative

Tthn.

Passes

Sieve

Cumulative

Tthn.

Passes

0.0

0.00

100.00

0.0

0.00

100.00

3/4 "

0.0

0.00

100.00

3/4 "

0.0

0.00

100.00

1/2 "

8.4

0.38

99.62

1/2 "

8.5

0.38

99.62

3/8 "

73.0

3.33

96.67

97.11

3/8 "

54.8

2.45

97.55

No .4

2115.2

96.53

3.47

3.46

No. 4

2158.8

96.54

3.46

No. 8

2188.3

99.86

0.14

0.15

No. 8

2232.3

99.83

0.17

No. 16

2189.1

99.90

0.10

0.12

No. 16

2233.2

99.87

0.13

No. 30

2189.4

99.91

0.09

0.10

No. 30

2233.5

99.88

0.12

No. 50

2189.6

99.92

0.08

0.09

No. 50

2233.8

99.90

0.10

No.

100

2190.2

99.95

0.05

0.06

No.

100

2234.4

99.92

0.08

No.

200

2190.6

99.97

0.03

0.05

No.

200

2234.8

99.94

0.06

PAN

2190.8

PAN

2235.2

From the results of sieve analysis for coarse aggregate (Uk. 0.5-1 cm) obtained the

percentage of aggregate passing filter No. 200 of 0.05%. This means that coarse aggregate

(Uk. 0.5-1 cm) can be used in AC-WC hot asphalt mixture as required maximum pass

1.00%.

Table 16

Fine Agregrat Sieve Analysis (Fine Broken Agregrat)

No.

Brt.

Restrained

Cumulative

Average

No.

Brt.

Restrained

Cumulative

Sieve

Cumulative

Tthn.

Passes

Sieve

Cumulative

Tthn.

Passes

No. 4

0.0

0.00

100.00

100.0

No. 4

0.0

0.00

100.00

No. 8

397.9

25.20

74.80

87.40

No. 8

0.0

0.00

100.00

No. 16

683.5

43.28

56.72

57.52

No. 16

576.2

41.68

58.32

No. 30

1031.7

65.33

34.67

35.19

No. 30

888.7

64.29

35.71

No. 50

1274.9

80.74

19.26

19.84

No. 50

1100.0

79.58

20.42

No.

100

1434.8

90.86

9.14

9.64

No. 100

1242.1

89.86

10.14

No.

200

1473.3

93.30

6.70

7.20

No. 200

1275.9

92.30

7.70

PAN

From the results of sieve analysis for fine aggregate (fine broken aggregate)

obtained the percentage of aggregate passing filter No. 200 of 7.20%. This means that

fine aggregate (fine broken aggregate) can be used on AC-WC hot asphalt mixture as

required maximum pass 10.00%.

Table 17

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo, Bahtiar, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta, Harmonis Rante, Apolo

Safanpo, Janviter Manalu

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1434

Fine Agregrat Sieve Analysis (Sand)

No.

Brt.

Restrained

Cumulative

Average

No.

Brt.

Restrained

Cumulative

Sieve

Cumulative

Tthn.

Passes

Sieve

Cumulative

Tthn.

Passes

No. 4

0.0

0.00

100.00

No. 4

0.0

0.00

100.00

No. 8

138.4

15.71

84.29

85.64

No. 8

100.6

13.01

86.99

No. 16

413.3

46.90

53.10

55.09

No. 16

331.7

42.91

57.09

No. 30

712.2

80.82

19.18

21.13

No. 30

594.6

76.92

23.08

No. 50

839.4

95.26

4.74

5.74

No. 50

721.0

93.27

6.73

No.

100

865.5

98.22

1.78

2.17

No. 100

753.3

97.45

2.55

No.

200

871.6

98.91

1.09

1.27

No. 200

761.8

98.55

1.45

PAN

881

PAN

From the results of the sieve analysis for fine aggregate (sand), the percentage of

aggregate passing filter No. 200 was 1.27%. This means that fine aggregate (sand) can be

used in the AC-WC hot asphalt mixture as required to pass a maximum of 10.00%.

Table 18

Filler Filter Analysis (Cement)

No.

Brt.

Tertahan

Komulatif

Rata-

Rata

No.

Brt.

Tertahan

Komulatif

Ayakan

Komulatif

Tthn.

Lolos

Ayakan

Komulatif

Tthn.

Lolos

No.

100

0.0

0.00

100.0

100.00

No. 100

0.0

0.00

100.0

No.

200

0.0

0.00

100.0

100.00

No. 200

0.0

0.00

100.0

PAN

506

100.0

0.00

PAN

503

100.0

0.00

From the results of the filter analysis for Cement filler materials, the percentage of

aggregate passed filter No. 200 was 100.00%. This means that Cement filler material can

be used in AC-WC hot asphalt mixture as required to pass at least 75.00%.

Gradation of Agregrat Mixture AC – WC

After sieve analysis is carried out for each aggregate to be used for the manufacture

of test specimens, a gradation calculation of AC-WC mixture aggregates is carried out to

determine the percentage of each aggregate to be used.

From the results of the calculation of the gradation of mixed aggregates, it can be

seen that all fractions for aggregates fall within the requirements set out in the General

Specification of Highways Year 2018 Revision 2. It can be concluded that aggregates can

be used to make AC-WC asphalt mixture test specimens according to the calculation of

the percentage of each aggregate.

Asphalt Content Calculation

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of local material Kinang Jingkion as

coarse aggregate against the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo Regency

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1435

The calculation of Asphalt Content (Pb) is carried out after all combined aggregate

percentages are known with the following formula:

Pb=0,035 x (%CA) +0,045 x (%FA) + 0,18 x (%FF) + K with:

Pb = Estimated asphalt content to the mixture, percentage of weight to the mixture,

CA = Sieve held aggregate number 8,

FA = Aggregate passed filter number 8 and restrained filter No.200,

FF = Filling material passes filter number 200, and

K = Constants 2.0 to 3.0 for latastons.

From the results of mixed gradation in Table 4.26 obtained the following values

CA = 47,53%; FA = 32,80%; FF = 4,73% dan untuk Nilai K diambil = 2

Maka:

Pb=0,035 x (47,53) + 0,045 x (32,80) + 0,18 x (4,73) + 2

Pb=1,664 +1,476+0,851+2

Pb=5,991 ~ 6,0

From the results of the Calculation of Asphalt Content Value (Pb) obtained at 6.0%,

test specimens will be made with a range of asphalt content of 5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5%,

and 7.0% each as many as 3 test objects for each Cement and Kinang Jingkion filler

material. So that the total test specimens for each filler material are 15 pieces. Marshall

AC-WC Test Results With Cement Filler

Marshall AC-WC testing with Cement Filler was carried out on Friday, January 20,

2023 at the BPJN Wamena Laboratory with reference to SNI 2489:1991. The purpose of

this marshall test is to determine the stability and flow values as for the results that can

be that at 5.5% asphalt content, the AC-WC hot asphalt mixture meets the specifications

against Marshall parameters, while at 5.0%, 6.0%, 6.5 and 7.0% asphalt levels some

Marshall parameters in the AC-WC hot asphalt mixture do not meet the specifications.

Figure 8 Graph Up aspal

From the graph above, the relationship between asphalt content using Cement Filler

and stability, the black line shows that the stability value increases in the range of asphalt

content 5.0% - 5.5% and after that shows a decrease until it reaches the minimum point

in the range of asphalt content 6.0% - 7.0%, while the red line shows the minimum

parameter of the relationship between asphalt content and stability, which is 800 kg.

Herman Ferdinand Putera Safanpo, Bahtiar, Yohanes B. J. Rusmanta, Harmonis Rante, Apolo

Safanpo, Janviter Manalu

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1436

Conclusion

The results of XRF and XRD analysis on Wilihingke samples, 0.15 mm granules,

2.36 mm granules and Kinang Holuwon found that all chemical elements contained in the

four samples were solid metal inorganic chemical elements. The results of this analysis

prove that the four samples which are fine aggregate and coarse aggregate do not contain

organic substances where the results of this analysis are in accordance with the

requirements of aggregate which is one of the components in the concrete mixture, where

the aggregate used must meet certain conditions, one of which must not contain excess

organic matter because it can undergo decay by bacteria using dissolved oxygen. From

the test results obtained, the aggregate wear value (abrasion) was 32.69%. Based on the

test results, the value of the Marshall parameter with Optimum Asphalt Content (KAO)

obtained a value of 6.125%.

Analysis of the properties of chemical content and the use of local material Kinang Jingkion as

coarse aggregate against the characteristics of WC last (AC) mixture in Yalimo Regency

Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 1437

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