p–ISSN: 2723 - 6609 e-ISSN: 2745-5254

Vol. 4, No. 10 October 2023 http://jist.publikasiindonesia.id/

Doi: 10.59141/jist.v4i10.697 1841

IMPLEMENTATION OF DEVELOPMENT IN SUDIMORO VILLAGE,

BULULAWANG SUB-DISTRICT TOWARDS SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHANGES

IN THE COMMUNITY

Suryo Hartoko Minarwanto

, Didik Supriyanto

, Deden Faturohman

Waskita Dharma College of Social and Political Sciences Malang, Indonesia

Email: [email protected]

, [email protected]

dedenfaturohmanmap@gmail,com

*Correspondence

INFO ARTIKEL

ABSTRACT

Keywords: implementation;

policy; village development;

social change; community

economy.

The issue of village development is an important matter because this

matter is often used as a benchmark to measure the ability of the

government apparatus to carry out the main obligations of the body or

institution that provides services. The ruler of Sudimoro Village,

Bululawang District, Malang Regency is trying to carry out development

obligations by using the resources they have in the maximum way. One

perspective that needs to be reflected in hamlet development activities is

being able to provide satisfying results by improving the socio-economic

life of the residents. This research intends to identify and analyze the

impact of the hamlet development application on socio-economic

changes in the community. The type of research used is descriptive

qualitative research, the research location is Sudimoro Village,

Bululawang District, Malang Regency, and the research focus is 1). An

Ordinary Reflection of Sudimoro Village, 2). Sudimoro Hamlet Regime

3). Development Application. 4). Consequences of Development on

Socio-Economic Citizens. Analysis of the information in this research

consists of 3 interactive activities, namely: Information reduction, Data

presentation, and Concluding. The application of development policies

in Sudimoro village is carried out by programming and agreements

between the authorities and residents through the Village Representative

Body. The development budget comes from the encouragement of the

authorities and self-help citizens. Development activities in the village

of Sudimoro have generally produced quite good results, especially in

increasing the socio-economic conditions of the residents, indicated by

the fulfillment of the construction of tools and infrastructure for worship,

development of learning, sports equipment, and others that are sufficient.

The economic aspect is signaled by the people's livelihoods increasing

and running easily. Per capita income of the head of the family has

increased quite well

Introduction

The enactment of Law No. 32 of 2004, has special consequences that must be

planned by each region in the chart supporting the application of independence (Saputra,

2007). Some of the consequences that must be planned by the region include Beginning,

the expertise of the base of people's energy, specifically the base of people's energy

Regional apparatus who must have good expertise in technical methods or great

intellectual knowledge and are expected to be able to organize and manage their

households by high inventiveness and energy of innovation Second, the expertise of

regional financial resources to organize and manage their households, Because so far the

Suryo Hartoko Minarwanto, Didik Supriyanto, Deden Faturohman

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 4, No. 10, October 2023 1842

sectors of regional development financing are usually very dependent on the central

authority (Rozikin, 2012).

The problem of hamlet development is a significant matter because this matter is

often used as a benchmark to calculate the ability of the ruling apparatus to implement

the main obligations of the part of the agency or institution that distributes services.

(Permana, 2016) said: The insistence on the success of hamlet development is inevitable

along with the expedition duration and progress of the era, this matter is influenced by

the lifestyle of residents who continue to be critical in taking into account a list also related

to the implementation of hamlet development organized by the ruler (Ariadi, 2019).

Residents need the implementation of development not only as an outlet for regular

obligations from the apparatus. More than that, residents need development activities that

are something that can share happiness in other interpretations, the development carried

out should be of quality, or you could say the results of development from duration to

duration continue to share better results in all aspects of life (Cahyono, 2016).

The complex problem of Hamlet's development requires intensity from the ruler to

always strive for real results for the villagers as well as possible. In this effort, the ruler

has produced policies that intend to succeed in the development of hamlets. The policy

issued in essence is the principle for the ruling apparatus in carrying out the obligation of

building hamlets (Hidayat, 2020). The various hamlet development activities tried so far

are principally a reorganization of the development program in the lives of hamlet

residents. For (Fahri, 2017): "Those who are more familiar with the actual situation

regarding the presence of villagers are local village institutions. It can be said that Hamlet

institutions have a big role in supporting the implementation of various forms of Hamlet

development programs. However, within the framework of the implementation of the

Hamlet development is sticking to the opinion reflecting the existence of various

problems of wisdom in the thought of James E Anderson taken by (Goa, 2017) as "a

purposive course of action followed by an actor or set of actors in dealing with a dilemma

or matter of concern". It means a series of actions that have a specific purpose

accompanied and carried out by an actor or a group of actors to uncover a specific problem

(Mahayana, 2013).

For (Hermawan, 2016), the term policy (policy term) may be used in a big way such

as "Indonesia's foreign policy", or "Japan's economic policy", or it may also be used to be

something more special, such as when talking about the ruler's policy on

debirocarticization and deregulation. But both Solihin Abdul Wahab and Budi Winarno

get along if the term of this wisdom is often interchanged with other designations such as

program goals, statutes, laws, provisions, standards, ideas, and grand design.

Islamy as well as taken (Arfianto & Balahmar, 2014) wisdom must be distinguished

from wisdom. Policy is translated with wisdom which is different from wisdom which

means wisdom. The interpretation of wisdom requires further estimation, whereas

wisdom encompasses the rules contained therein. The policy plan offered by Anderson

for Winarno (2007) is considered more appropriate because it focuses attention on what

is tried and not on what is proposed or intended. Not only that, but in a clear way between

Implementation Of Development In Sudimoro Village, Bululawang Sub-District Towards

Socio-Economic Changes In The Community

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 4, No. 10, October 2023 1843

policy and decision which has the intention of determining among the various substitutes

available.

Mazmanian and Sabatier (1983) in Suryana (2013) said that there are 2 perspectives

in application analysis, namely the audience administration perspective and the political

science perspective. From the perspective of public administration, the application was

initially observed as the application of wisdom fittingly and effectively. However, at the

end of World War II, various studies of state administration proved that the administrative

agents of the public were not only influenced by legitimate mandates but also by the

emphasis on the class of needs, the legislature, and various aspects of the political area.

The success of the policy application to achieve results related to program activities that

have been designed and financed is not only influenced by the:

a. The content of the interpreted discretion includes:

a. Needs granted by wisdom (interest affected)

b. of efficacy obtained (type of benefit).

c. Extent of change envisioned

d. The role of the creator of wisdom (site of decision-making).

e. ARA program executives (program implementation).

f. Base of energy deployed (Resources committed).

b. Interpreted application conditions:

a. Power.

b. Interest strategies of actors involved

c. Karakter badan serta penguasa (institution and regime characteristics).

d. Discipline and energy understand executives (compliance and responsiveness).

Institutional.

Grindle Implementation Model

Implementing Activities

Influenced by:

Content of Policy

▪ Intersts affected

▪ Type of benefits

▪ Extent of change envisioned

▪ Site of decision making

▪ Program implementors

▪ Resources committed

Context Implementation

▪ Power, interests, and strategies

of actors involved

▪ Institution and regime

characteristics

▪ Compliance and

responsiveness

Outcomes:

a. Impact on society,

individuals, and

groups

b. Change and its

acceptance

Policy Goals

Goals

achieved?

Action Programs and

Individual Projects

Designed and

Funded

Programs

Delivered as

designed?

MEASURING SUCCESS

Suryo Hartoko Minarwanto, Didik Supriyanto, Deden Faturohman

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 4, No. 10, October 2023 1844

Source: Merilee S. Grindle (1980) in Arief (2014)

The program is implemented according to the concept. The application of the policy

or program – by way of an outline – is influenced by the content of the policy as well as

the conditions of the application. The totality of policy applications is evaluated by the

method of measuring program outcomes sourced from policy objectives. The output of

the program is observed through the consequences to the intended target, both people and

groups or citizens. The output of the policy application is the change and acceptance of

the change by the target group.

For Grindle and Quade 1984 in Arief (2014: 12) to measure the ability to apply

something public wisdom must pay attention to the elasticity of wisdom, body, and area.

This attention needs to be shown through the determination of the right policy so that

citizens can participate in distributing maximum participation to achieve the desired goals

when filtered wisdom has been found needed by the executive body because in the body

there is authority and various energy bases that support the application of wisdom for

public services. On the contrary, the area of wisdom is related to its positive or negative

character. If the area exchanges positive views on something wisdom wants to create

positive support, as a result, the area will influence the success of the application of

wisdom. On the contrary, if the area of exchange of views is minus until it is about to be

intertwined by action, as a result, the way the application is prone to run aground.

Next, Mubyarto (2009: 61) states that: "a hamlet is an area inhabited by several

communities as a unit of citizens listed in it legal citizens who have the lowest regime

body directly under the sub-district". After that Kuncoro (2010: 37) shared the

interpretation as follows: "Hamlet is a legal entity where legal citizens who have a regime

reside". Koentjaraningrat (2003: 12) said: "Development is an effort to change and

develop from a condition and community situation that is considered good". Development

as well as what (Habib, 2021) reported: "Development is an effort or arrangement of

development and change that is planned to be tried by awakening by the nation". After

that Arief (2017: 4) said:

"Development is a way of change that is planned and desired, at least development

is usually the will of the citizens who are granted in the decisions obtained by the leader,

about which is then arranged in a program that is then implemented. Development does

not only concern one aspect of life but also various aspects of life that are related one

after another".

Based on the Ordinary Principles of Management of the Hamlet or Village

Development Budget (DPD or K) in 2003 which was issued by the Internal Affairs Unit

of the Republic of Indonesia, the amount of budget allocated directly to each hamlet or

kelurahan is used in the chart to improve tools and infrastructure services to residents, the

budget is held for:

a. Support administrative activities and operational payments for hamlet or kelurahan

rulers

b. Institutional strengthening of villagers

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Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 4, No. 10, October 2023 1845

c. Development of financial management agencies and people's efforts

Increasing the energy base of people and supporting PKK activities, including the

development of children and young people.

That way in the development program for Koentjaraningrat (2003: 119) it is

necessary to know 5 main things:

a. Problems in the development of a country or society related to sources of

development that can be pursued, in this case, economic energy sources and other

energy sources.

b. Goals and targets of the concept to be achieved

c. Wisdom and methods to achieve the goals and targets of the concept by looking at

the use of resources and determining the best replacement

d. Translation into concrete programs or business activities.

e. Time, duration of achievement, goal.

f. As a bonus scribble on the way of development programming, something is presented

in the form of paintings.

In this connection the design of people development becomes relevant. From

UNDP's perspective, human development is formulated as the expansion of options for

society (enlarging the choice of people), which can be observed as the "formation" of

people's expertise through the correction of their health, insight, and skills. This

development plan is larger than the economic development plan that emphasizes

economic development (economic growth), low desires (basic needs), community safety

(social welfare), or the development of the energy base of people (human resources

development). UNDP's people development plan has 4 factors, namely productivity,

equity, sustainability, and empowerment.

Research Methods

In this research the type of research used is qualitative descriptive research, David

D. Williams in Irawan (2001: 48) suggests that this type of qualitative research has an

identity as the next:

( 1) research and information gathering are tried on a natural framework (); ( 2)

researchers act as research instruments; ( 3) many want to tell; ( 4) prioritizing means

over results; ( 5) information analysis is attempted by inductive means; ( 6) looking for

the meaning behind people's best-selling actions; ( 7) hook researchers directly in the

square; ( 8) triangulate; (9) research subjects are considered contestants; ( 11) only put

forward hypotheses; ( 12) illustrations obtained in a logical purposive way; (13) using

quantitative and qualitative information.

With the meaning that in the way of searching for the meaning behind the incident

can be tried analysis in a thorough, deep, natural way and what it is and without much

hand stirring from researchers. Another estimate is that the implementation of the Hamlet

development program not only says real incidents that can be quantified, but more than

that the results are expected to reveal the hidden state of the application of the program.

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Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 4, No. 10, October 2023 1846

Analisa informasi ialah bagian yang amat berarti dalam tata cara objektif sebab

dengan analisa informasi bisa diberi maksud, arti yang bermanfaat dalam membongkar

the research problem itself. For Sarwono (2002: 41): "Information analysis in qualitative

research is inductive and prolonged in character whose conclusion aims to create

understandings, concepts and the development of the latest philosophy, illustrations of

the form of qualitative analysis, namely regional analysis, taxonomic analysis,

componential analysis, cultural theme analysis, and consistent comparative analysis

(grounded theory research)"

Analysis of this information is based on an effort and estimation if after the

information is combined from the research position, then the information is analyzed to

describe the actual condition as a result is expected to be useful in uncovering the

problems experienced. The form of qualitative analysis of research is a form of interactive

information analysis that has been raised by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014) using

the next form.

Qualitative data analysis that is interactive in the process of data analysis is as

follows

a. Data Collection

b. Data Presentation

c. Data Reduction

d. Conclusion drawing

Results and Discussion

Implementation of Village Development carried out in Sudimoro Village,

Bululawang District, Malang Regency

Hamlets are the lowest level of government in Indonesia and have special

characteristics. This special characteristic of Hamlet continues to strengthen the

assumption that the development strategy of Hamlet is a development strategy that can

match the goals of equitable development of economic development and the achievement

of regime stability. Therefore, it means that there is a strengthening of the position of

institutions in the hamlet in the sponsorship of development. The term hamlet regime

Implementation Of Development In Sudimoro Village, Bululawang Sub-District Towards

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Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 4, No. 10, October 2023 1847

body can refer not only to the body or body in the hamlet that carries out special efforts

but also to have an established pattern of attitude of the hamlet residents. Therefore, the

use of the draft Hamlet regime body does not only refer to the Hamlet ruler but also covers

other Hamlet bodies such as the presence of Hamlet’s consultative body, the Hamlet

social body, or the Hamlet economic body. The body is understood as the playing

provision of a citizen to regulate interaction with the citizen's body person.

Considering the limitations of hamlet authority, budget, energy base, and

ambivalent organizational roles between the ruling body ( hamlet) and community bodies,

the hamlet ruler needs to practice the strategy of developing the improvement of the

institutional position of the hamlet that is tried in the current period of regional

independence, is as follows:

a. Increase leadership capacity (leadership rules) It is by improving the leadership of

the head of the hamlet or the hamlet consultative body, preparing the maturity of the

hamlet residents, protecting the intimacy of the bonds of the hamlet regime, and

mastering the vision and goals carried.

b. Increase the institutional capacity of the Hamlet regime (regime rules) It is by

improving institutions in terms of authority, bodies, personnel, finance, tools,

programming, supervision, and elections for the Hamlet ruler. Increase the

accumulation and pronunciation, budgeting, supervision, and legislation for the

Hamlet regime.

c. Increase the capacity of the base of social energy (societal rules), is to improve:

d. The base of people's energy: learning and health;

e. The base of socio-political energy: political participation of citizens, stability of

security and discipline, the existence of community bodies;

f. Socio-economic energy base: hamlet economic infrastructure and rural economic

activities;

g. The base of indigenous social energy: beauty and beauty bodies, customs and

customary bodies; The basis of religious social energy: openness of religious life and

tools of worship.

The Impact of Village Development Implementation on Community Socio-

Economic Change

To overcome the cases experienced and at the same time fight for an increase in the

amount of budget in development and its utilization in an efficient way for the time to

come, as a result, it can share a fairly large role in the development of Sudimoro hamlet

to the steps that are considered necessary, among others, are improving the position and

programming agency and the application of hamlet development (LP3-D). This position

and body must be improved by linking all parts contained as a result in the hamlet

development program can ensure the right direction and policy for the hamlet

development blueprint by the wishes of residents and is expected to distribute

participation to residents. In the chart, improve the position and the Agency for

Programming and Application of Hamlet Development (LP3-D) can be tried by:

Suryo Hartoko Minarwanto, Didik Supriyanto, Deden Faturohman

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 4, No. 10, October 2023 1848

a. Increase communication with the lord of the hamlet or both parties.

b. Improve the coordination of the hamlet lord or the two torn parties.

Improve the position and in making programming and policy of Hamlet

development

To support these efforts, the ruler wants to primarily function to provide initiatives,

active positions, and participation of citizens and the earth in development sponsorship.

Citizen empowerment is tried through efforts to provide residents to be able to access the

base of data and development resources so that residents can streamline all their potential

to function and regulate and benefit from all ways and steps of development in Sudimoro

Hamlet, through empowerment strategies, namely:

1). Family Empowerment, 2). Institutional Strengthening, 3) Social Safety.Internal and

External Aspects of Hamlet Institutional Development Organizing and Implementing

Hamlet Policies for Professors. Sadu Wasistiono (2006), some issues that become aspects

of Hamlet's institutional barriers in organizing and implementing various programs and

Hamlet policies, are external obstacles and internal obstacles.

Conclusion

Research on the application of Hamlet development tried in Sudimoro Hamlet,

Apes Regency, formulates that:

The Development Application in Sudimoro hamlet in the usual way shares pretty

good results especially in the socio-economic improvement of residents with some hints

about Religious Aspects, Learning Aspects, Livelihood Aspects

The application for the development of hamlets in Sudimoro village distributes changes

to the social economy of residents, which is a change in the view of the per capita income

of the head of the family. There continue to be more people who have income between

Rp. 1. 500. 000- Rp. 2. 000. 000 is facing an escalation of 38 men. After that, make a data

collection of Rp. 2. 000. 000- Rp. 2. 500. 000 also faced an escalation of 22 people.

Especially for 2020 residents with an income of more than Rp. 2. 500. 000 also faces an

escalation is 15 people.

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