p–ISSN: 2723 - 6609 e-ISSN: 2745-5254

Vol. 4, No. 8, August 2023 http://jist.publikasiindonesia.id/

Doi : 10.59141/jist.v4i8.683 1123

FRANCOIS HOLLANDE'S IDIOSYNCRATIC FACTORS IN FRENCH ISIS

POLICY

Ilham Rizki Febriansyah

seen from the various policies that were later born by Francois Hollande were very

impactful in the government that was run (Sianipar, 2016). Evidenced by how then

France's role in the internal and external sectors has a significant impact on the global.

The foreign policy made by Francois Hollande was able to illustrate how repressive the

French government under Francois Hollande was (Pertiwi, 2018). So that the foreign

policy implemented by France from 2012 to 2017 was a very aggressive French period.

Discussing foreign policy is considered as an "Action Theory" or the wisdom of a

country aimed at other countries to achieve a certain interest (Setiawan & Sulastri,

2017). Indirectly, the foreign policy of a country determines how then they behave and

the political direction adopted whether to maintain, secure or advance the national

leadership style of a country's leader has a lot of influence on the implementation of

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Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 4, No. 8, Agustus 2023 1124

foreign policy. Foreign policy is considered a way of dialogue or communication so in

its application it often raises pros and cons (Wicaksana & IP, 2020).

There are indicators as well as factors and aspects that then influence how a

country's leader makes decisions. These factors are psychological factors that come

the 7th president of France with a term of office starting from 2012 to 2017. He had

considerable influence in France after the reign of Nicolas Sarkozy. This can be seen

from how at the beginning of his tenure Hollande made policies regarding the economy

which at that time in Europe was experiencing a crisis. So it can be seen that Francois

Hollande has a fairly mature mind in seeing the problem as something that needs to be

addressed as soon as possible (Putra, 2021).

The background of Francois Hollande, president of France, is quite phenomenal.

Starting with birth on August 12, 1954, and his father Georges Gustave Hollande is an

ENT doctor in northwestern France Haute-Normandie région, (Maulida, Hamidy, &

Wahyudi, 2020), and Hollande's mother, Nicole Frédérique Marguerite Tribert is a

sighted vision of a phenomenon.

Hollande himself was not bound by any religion and never married in his life. But

she still has a relationship but without marital status. We can see this from his

background which is not attached to any religion so Hollande's thought is not religious.

Francois Hollande himself began his political career as an economic consultant

and was considered a confidant of Mitterrand's Socialist Party. His existence was

further visible when his political career took off after the presidential election and ran

in the National Assembly elections. But in reality, he failed to become a member of the

legislature.

But Francois Hollande's luck can be seen when he finally worked in the Ussel

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with a subsequent desire to replace Hollande as party leader, but he was defeated by

Lille Mayor Martin Aubry. Strauss-Kahn's arrest in May 2011 on sexual assault

charges, however, caused more tension across party ranks. Although the charges were

eventually dropped, Strauss-Kahn, the presumptive Socialist candidate in the 2012

the first round of the presidential election, setting up a second round against Sarkozy.

On 6 May 2012, a second round was held and in the event, Hollande won a decisive

and convincing victory over the public, winning almost 52 percent of the vote, and he

was sworn in as president of France on 15 May 2012.

Hollande can be seen as a vocal critic of the Syrian press. Bashar al-Assad, after

the alleged use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Civil War, called for foreign military

intervention in the conflict. Francois Hollande has been active in international activities

including in January 2013 when he sent French troops to fight Islamist militants in

Mali, and then in December a French-sponsored UN Security Council resolution

authorizing armed intervention in the Central African Republic.

The Eurozone debt crisis attacked the external and internal parts of various

countries in Europe, of course, this caused economic problems to the survival of

European Union countries at that time. (Dallago & Guglielmetti, 2011) At the

beginning of his government, Francois Hollande after his inauguration then left for

Berlin to meet with Angela Merkel, where Merkel and Sarkozy had previously set up

austerity programs as a step to resolve the debt crisis. Where the proposal has to do

with increasing individual tax rates but this does not have a significant impact because

the French economy is still stagnant.

Francois Hollande's Migration Policy was a different austerity than under Nicolas

Sarkozy. Where during the Sarkozy period discussed Immigration Choice, Mandatory

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wants immigration flows to be managed better by improving immigrant quotas and

tightening border controls.

Turning to his external policy, which was a popular military policy that attracted

much attention where Hollande became a strong supporter of French military action

Operation Serval, with France making a request that the United Nations approved.

(Boeke & Schuurman, 2015) In this case, it cannot be separated from Hollande's role in

making decisions and how he used to convince the public that the most appropriate way

for the world at that time to fight Islamist militants in Mali was the right choice. This

can be seen from the aspect that Hollande's influence is considered logical enough and

easy to accept by the public so that the public can agree with the arguments that

Hollande was giving at the United Nations.

3. Impact of military intervention on Francois Hollande's government

The impact felt for France was the series of attacks that occurred after the attack

of military intervention by France. During Francois Hollande's tenure, there were at

is not deep enough so here the researcher tries to enter and discuss from the point of

view of the country's leaders on the foreign policy espoused by France.

Francois Hollande's Government Efforts to Deal with African Illegal Immigrants

in 2012-2015, written by (PUTRI, 2016) tried to explain the efforts made by Francois

Hollande but in dealing with illegal African immigrants migrating to France. There is a

similarity in point of view, namely through the government of Francois Hollande, but

differences there are differences in aspects that are tried to be explained where there are

spillover effects related to the issue that researchers are trying to study, but differences

can be understood by differences in aspects that are trying to be explained.

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idiosyncratic factor of Francois Hollande's handling of ISIS in France

The data collection method will be like a literature study. So that researchers are

more likely to read literature related to the problem or phenomenon being discussed to

make it more comprehensive and a much sharper analysis. Data analysis techniques will

Results and Discussion

Idiosyncratic factors are described as "All those aspects of the decision maker, his

values, talent, and prior experiences that distinguish his foreign policy choices or

behavior from those of every other decision maker". (Mighty, 2015) From this, it is

necessary to analyze Francois Hollande's personality in terms of profile, political career,

and policies made by Francois Hollande. From there we get an understanding of how

his leadership views and the actions taken by Francois Hollande are based on his

personality.

1. Idiosyncratic Factor Analysis of Francois Hollande

care of other fields and remain in service for the French government but on a much

more specialized scope. Hollande, who has a background as an economic analyst,

certainly has a desire to improve the French economy for the better. It can be seen that it

was his nationalist nature that gave him such thoughts.

b. Low Conceptual Complexity

It can be seen that Francois Hollande is an efficient figure who has the desire to

solve the ISIS problem quickly and simply, especially for the security of civilians in

France. This was reinforced by a speech after the Paris attacks in which Hollande

declared war on ISIS and IS. This was also strengthened by the deployment of all

military forces both inside France and outside France with cooperation from the United

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preventive effort in the future that radicalism needs to stop and Hollande believes in its

ability.

d. Low need for Affiliation

His characteristic Low Need for Affiliation is based on his influence and

terrorist attacks in France over the past 5 years were responded to very well by Francois

Hollande, this is evidenced by the handling carried out in addition to the terror that still

occurs, but the swift efforts of Francois Hollande are considered successful in making

his reputation in the international arena get many sympathizers.

e. High Distrust of others

His character that does not trust others is illustrated by his treatment after the Paris

attacks where ISIS was the mastermind of the attack. This is stated in the rule that

France will forcibly expel migrants who have links or links with members of ISIS and

IS and even threatened to expel them from France. (Vinocur, 2016) This is due to

resentment due to various acts of terror carried out by ISIS. Assessing the policy issued

France. And he needs the trust of the public to do so that is one of the reasons Hollande

wants to be president.

2. Hollande's View of ISIS to France's Intervention

Hollande's perspective can be seen in how he responded with a merciless

declaration of war on terrorists. France's commitment to destroying ISIS after the

attacks, Francois Hollande said he was pushing to submit a bill to extend the state of

emergency declared after the attacks for three months and would suggest changes to the

constitution. France's military campaign against ISIS in Iraq and Syria will also

intensify. Hollande's lack of religion shows that his policies do not necessarily assume

that Islam is a terrorist but rather Islamic radicals who will try to be prosecuted.

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The response to the ISIS attack was met with a military foreign policy in which

French jets bombed targets in IS-held areas of Syria and Iraq, more than 100,000

security personnel were deployed, and police raided locations across France.

This was followed by the addition of 5,000 additional police posts in the next two

homogeneous society. But it is more about speeding up the deportation of foreigners

who pose a "serious threat to state security". Hollande himself still carries out the

principle of Free Movement so that some migrants suspected of being the masterminds

of acts of terrorism will soon be cleared. Hollande also told the EU to be tougher on

handling immigrants entering Europe.

Hollande's next policy is the adoption of surveillance acts, or increasing anti-

extremist legislation that allows authorities to use "black boxes" on internet service

providers to monitor activity that could be suspected of being terrorist. So this provides

a filter for people suspected of being members of ISIS in French territory. This was a

wise policy made by Hollande because it would certainly provide a sense of security in

3. Impact provided by Francois Hollande

The impact of some of Francois Hollande's policies has been successful in

preventing extremist activities both online and directly on the ground. Preventing illegal

immigration is allegedly the starting point for several further terrorist attacks. Where

this provides security for public spaces to return to activities. It is also undeniable that

the French public after several ISIS attacks experienced a Trust Issue where the notion

of Islamophobia began to emerge and emerge. This tried to be contained during the time

of Francois Hollande but in the end, failed because Francois Hollande's policies at that

time were considered too discriminatory against the Islamic community in France. This

upheaval then caused at the end of Hollande's reign the public tended to be dissatisfied

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Conclusion

Francois Hollande was a good leader, not the best but his many policies were

quite beneficial to French society. The idiosyncratic factor that is carried out can be

negative foreign policy under the direction of Francois Hollande. Obsessive-compulsive

attitudes also make it quite difficult for Hollande to accept his policies rejected by a

handful of people.

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