pISSN: 2723 - 6609 e-ISSN: 2745-5254
Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 http://jist.publikasiindonesia.id/
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4270
The Influence of Brand Ambassador, Product Quality, and
Price on Product Purchasing Decision Store in Sidoarjo
Elsa Firdausi Nuzula
1*
, Misti Hariasih
2
Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Indonesia
1
2
*Correspondence
ABSTRACT
Keywords: brand
ambassadors, product
quality, price, and
purchase decisions.
The cosmetics industry in Indonesia is experiencing rapid
growth with cosmetic products becoming part of fashion
trends. This study aims to analyze the influence of Brand
Ambassadors, product quality, and price on the purchase
decision of Radiance Up Y.O.U Beauty serum products in
Sidoarjo. This study uses a quantitative approach with
survey methods and regression analysis to see the influence
of these three variables on purchase decisions. The results of
the study show that Brand Ambassador, product quality, and
price have a significant influence on purchasing decisions.
Among the three variables, price proved to be the most
dominant factor influencing consumer decisions, followed
by product quality and Brand Ambassador. Based on these
findings, companies are advised to consider a more optimal
strategy in selecting Brand Ambassadors, maintaining
product quality, and setting competitive prices to attract
more consumers.
Introduction
The cosmetics industry is currently experiencing significant growth on a global
scale, transcending boundaries and cultures. From its origins as a symbol of nobility to
its superiority to become a social media beauty trend, cosmetics will consistently increase
as it becomes a need for individuals around the world. (Salsabila et al., 2024). These
cosmetic products are not only for beautifying oneself and keeping up with dynamic
developments. Consumer influence and behavior are a high element for companies in
formulating effective strategies to attract consumer interest in cosmetic products. In
recent years, the beauty industry has experienced rapid growth, which shows that
cosmetics can maintain, maintain, and care for the skin, one of the popular products today
is a face serum that can be trusted to help brighten, moisturize, and rejuvenate the skin.
(Fitri et al., 2023).
Y.O.U Beauty is a local cosmetics brand that was launched in 2018. The brand is
famous for its affordable prices with high product quality. Y.O.U Beauty has many
innovations and has the latest in products with consumer needs, with the growth of the
beauty industry becoming popular, especially in face serum products is an opportunity
Elsa Firdausi Nuzula, Misti Hariasih
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4271
for business actors. Business actors must continue to innovate and offer products that
have high quality at affordable prices to attract consumer interest (Marlius & Jovanka,
2023).
The serum is a skin care product that has active ingredients that have been designed
to overcome various specific skin problems Y.O.U Beauty, one of the well-known local
brands in Indonesia, launched the latest serum product, namely Radiance Up serum which
has advantages for skin health, such as vitamin C, niacinamide, and hyaluronic acid with
the advantages of having received positive reviews from consumers. (Matheos et al.,
2022). Consumers who use this serum claim that their skin becomes brighter, moisturized,
and supple, and can overcome hyperpigmented acne. (Azizah, 2021). The launch of
Serum Radiance Up proves Y.O.U's commitment to presenting high-quality products at
affordable prices. With the launch of new products, the company also uses a marketing
strategy that uses well-known brand ambassadors and has many followers on social
media. (Purwaningsih & Rachman, 2020).
The chosen brand ambassadors such as actresses, influencers, and those who have
a positive image and are in line with the marketing target of Y.O.U Beauty products, with
the use of this brand ambassador have proven to be effective in increasing sales and
attracting consumers to buy Radiance Up serum. Brand ambassador followers on social
media will see this product used by those they admire, thus encouraging them to buy and
try the product, this collaboration with brand ambassadors can support Y.O.U Beauty
sales and reach a wider target market in Sidoarjo. (Sanaji & Shafa, 2023).
The purchase decision is a series of purchase decisions, a process that begins with
consumers looking for information about their products, in this case, consumers will get
to know the product and evaluate the product will solve the problem, which will then lead
to a purchase decision. With this, the purchase decision is automatically higher on the
brand value is very influential, and can always be remembered by every consumer.
(Purwati & Cahyanti, 2022).
Thus, Brand Y.O.U Beauty uses brand ambassadors to invite consumers to attract
attention through well-known brand ambassadors, usually through well-known
celebrities. (Nurdin & Setiani, 2021). According to previous research, brand ambassadors
are advertising advocates who are selected from famous people and have an attractive
appearance to attract the attention and attention of consumers. According to previous
research, brand ambassadors do not have a significant effect on purchasing decisions.
Therefore, there is a gap in brand ambassadors. (Kolinug et al., 2022).
In addition to using brand ambassadors to increase sales, product quality also
influences purchasing decisions. Product quality, namely customer needs and
expectations, is an important factor in determining the value of product quality.
According to previous research, product quality also has a significant effect on purchasing
decisions. Customers have expectations and consumers must have a high level of
satisfaction because it can increase the production of a. From these three studies, it can
have a significant influence on product quality. (Aruna et al., 2024).
The Influence of Brand Ambassador, Product Quality, and Price on Product Purchasing
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Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4272
In addition, price is a consideration for consumers to determine consumer
purchases. When consumers hear that the price is relatively expensive, few enthusiasts
will buy it, if it is heard at a relatively low price, the number of buyers will increase.
(Selvia et al., 2022). In purchasing an item, of course, it will be seen from the benefits
and price of the item, according to previous research conducted with the existence of
price, it will be a consideration for consumers, having a positive and significant effect on
increasing consumers as a factor in purchasing decisions. (Fauzi et al., 2023). According
to consumers, the most important consideration when buying a product is price, so price
becomes a problem for consumers when they are going to make a purchase, according to
this previous study stated that price does not have a significant effect on purchases. (Diana
et al., 2023).
Based on previous research, it can be concluded that some gaps or gaps occur after
previous research on price, product quality, and price on purchase decisions so that
researchers conduct further research to find out the latest results whether these variables
affect or not. Researchers found a gap in the results of previous research (Research Gap).
The Research Gap shows the gap between inconsistent phenomena and the results or
evidence in the field. (Jayanti, 2015). This prompted the researcher to take the title "The
Influence of Brand Ambassadors, Product Quality, and Price on Purchase Decisions of
Radiance Up Y.O.U Serum Products in Sidoarjo Regency"
This study aims to analyze the influence of Brand Ambassadors, product quality,
and price on the purchase decision of Radiance Up serum products from Y.O.U Beauty
in Sidoarjo Regency. By understanding the extent to which these three factors affect
consumer decisions, the results of the study are expected to provide the right
recommendations for cosmetic companies in formulating more effective marketing
strategies.
Method
Types of Research and Overview of the Population
This research is quantitative with an approach with a quantitative method in general,
the research reference emphasizes behavioristic and empirical aspects derived from
existing phenomena and based on behavior in the field, with the analysis stage using a
questionnaire of data in the form of numbers, tables, and calculations from mathematical
or statistical analysis methods. So in this case, the researcher used a multiple linear
analysis to find out if there was an influence between brand ambassadors, product
quality, and price on the purchase decision of Radiance Up serum products. For the
population in this study, namely adolescents to adults who use serum and make purchases
at the Sidoarjo store.
Sampling Techniques
Elsa Firdausi Nuzula, Misti Hariasih
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4273
The sampling technique used in this study uses a purposive method. Purposive is a
non-random sampling method in which the researcher ensures the citation of characters
through a certain identity identification method that is by the research objectives so that
the researcher can expect a response to the research case The non-probability sampling
technique is a technique that does not have the same results as consumers with each other
which is applicable to be a sample With this, it has several criteria that can represent the
population, including:
1. Respondents who use Radiance Up serum > 1.
2. Respondents ranged in age from adolescence to adulthood.
3. The respondents were domiciled in Sidoarjo.
After that, to find out the number of respondents in this study, the Lamesshow
formula.
𝑛 =
𝑧
2
𝑃(1 𝑃)
𝑑
2
Information:
n = Number of samples 𝑛
z = Value of the moral table with a
specific table
p = Proportion of unknown population
d = Distance in both directions
The formula used above can be used to determine the number of samples using the
Lamesshow formula where the alpha in this formula uses 95% or equivalent to 1.96. The
number of these unknown populations is 0.05 with a confidence level of 10%. The sample
calculation example in the Lamesshow formula
𝑛 =
𝑧
2
𝑃
(
1 𝑃
)
𝑑
2
𝑛 =
1,96
2
0,5(1 0,5)
0,1
2
𝑛 =
3,8416
2
0,5
(
0,5
)
0,01
𝑛 =
0,9604
0,01
𝑛 =
0,9604
0,01
𝑛 = 96
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Based on the results of the calculation above, it can be concluded that the sample
taken by 96 respondents, fill out a questionnaire that was not filled in by the researcher
sample, 100 respondents will be determined.
Types and Data Sources
The data sources used in this study use primary and secondary data types. For the
type of primary data, the researcher obtained data by distributing questionnaires to
respondents who used the Radiance Up Y.O.U Beauty serum. For secondary data types,
the researcher uses literature from previous research as well as journals and books that
are in accordance with the subject matter.
Data Collection Techniques
This data collection technique is widely used by researchers in the form of
questionnaires. The questionnaire is planned to contain several questions that have been
prepared in such a way by researchers. So that they will get relevant information. The
following is the procedure used in answering the question, namely with the Likert scale,
namely Number 1 (Strongly Disagree), Number 2 (Disagree), Number 3 (Ordinary),
Number 4 (Agree) and Number 5 (Strongly Agree). In this way, it will be easier for
respondents who will fill out questionnaires and researchers will more easily collect
respondent data.
Data Analysis Techniques
Multiple linear regression analysis has a function to find the magnitude of the
relationship between two independent variables and bound variables. The formulation of
the regression model is as follows:
Y = a + b1X1 +b2X2 + b3X3 + e
Information:
Y= Purchase Decision
a = Constanta
b1, 2, 3 = Regression Coefficient
X1 = Brand ambassador
X2 = Product Quality
X3 = Price
e = error
Test Data Instruments
A validity test is a test used to see how thorough a test is in performing its function,
in other words, this test is used to measure the validity or not of a questionnaire that has
been distributed to respondents. In the validity test, the criteria used to compare the
calculated r-value, with the table r-value, namely.
If r counts > r table, then the instrument is declared valid
If r calculates < r table, then the instrument is declared invalid
Rehabilitation Test
This rehabilitation test has a function to measure the variables used through
questions given to respondents. This test was carried out by comparing Cronback's alpha
Elsa Firdausi Nuzula, Misti Hariasih
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4275
value with a significant level or level (0.5 0.6 to 0.7 depending on the needs of the study).
The rehabilitation test has several criteria for examiners, namely.
1. If Cronbach's alpha value > significant, then the instrument is said to be reliable
2. If Cronbach's alpha value < significant, then the instrument is said to be unreliable
Classical Assumption Test
1. Normality Test
The normality test has a function of testing how large the degree of normality of the
distribution of data processing is, so that normally distributed data can have a distribution
and automatically that will be considered representative of a population.
2. Multicollinearity test
This regression model can be justified if there is no correlation between independent
variables, so this requires a multicollinearity test which aims to test if a correlation
between independent variables is found with a predetermined regression model.
Heteroskedasticity Test
A good regression model will not cause heteroskedasticity. To conduct a
heteroskedasticity test, the author can use a test tool, namely the Park Test carried out
through a Diagram or Plot. If the distribution of data is in the form of a certain pattern, it
is stated that there are no symptoms of heteroskedasticity or the population is classified
as homogeneous.
Test t
The t-test is used to find out whether there is an influence between independent
variables or independent variables, namely, Brand ambassador (X1), Product Quality
(X2), Price (X3), and dependent variables or related variables, namely purchase decisions
(Y) at a confidence level of 95% and α = 5%. With the following criteria.
1. If Thicount > Ttable or sig < α = 0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning
that the independent (significant) variable influences the dependent variable
2. If Thicount < Ttable or sig > α = 0.05, then Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected, meaning that
the independent (significant) variable does not influence the dependent variable
Coefficient of Determination (R2)
The determination coefficient (R2) shows the ratio of variation in the values of the
dependent variable (Y) which is influenced by the independent variable (X). The
determination coefficient (R2) has the goal of measuring how far the model can explain
the dependent variation and the determination coefficient is between zero and one.
Results and Discussion
Table 1
Respondent Characteristics Analysis
Descriptive Statistics
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Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4276
N
Minimum
Maximum
Std.
Deviation
Gender
100
1
1
.000
Age
100
1
1
.000
Living in Sidoarjo
100
1
1
.000
Serum User
100
1
1
.000
Consumer YOU
Serum Products
100
1
1
.000
Valid N (listwise)
100
Based on the results of the descriptive analysis, it can be seen that as many as 100
respondents in the study have established characteristics. The characteristics of
respondents based on gender have a mean value of 1.00 and a standard deviation of 0.000
with a percentage of female sex of 90% and a percentage of male sex of 10%. The
characteristics of respondents based on age have a mean of 1.00 with a deviation of 0.000
with a percentage of 17-25 years old of 41%, the percentage of 26-30 years old is 38%,
the percentage of 31-40 years old is 21%, and the percentage of >40 years old is 0%. The
characteristics of respondents based on the domicile of residence in Sidoarjo have a mean
value of 1.00 and a standard definition of 0.000 with the percentage of respondents
residing in Sidoarjo as much as 100%, which is by the characteristics that have been
established by the researcher. The characteristics of respondents who are serum users are
100%, this is by the characteristics that have been determined by the researcher. The
characteristics of respondents who are consumers of YOU serum products have a mean
value of 1.00 with a standard deviation of 0.000 with the percentage of respondents who
know and have purchased YOU serum products as much as 100%, this is by the
characteristics that have been determined by the researcher.
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis
a. Dependent Variable: Buying interest
Based on the table of the results of the multiple linear regression test, the variable
equation in this study can be formulated as follows:
Y = 𝑎 + 𝑏
1
𝑋
1
+ 𝑏
2
𝑋
2
+ 𝑏
3
𝑋
3
+ e
Y = 0.687 + 0.157 X1 + 0.249 X2 + 0.514 X3
From the equation that has been formulated, it can be interpreted as follows:
b. Constanta (a)
A positive constant value of 0.687 means that without the influence of independent
variables such as Brand Ambassador, Product Quality, and Price, the value of the
dependent variable (bound) i.e. the purchase decision will remain constant at 0.687.
c. Brand Ambassador
The value of the coefficient in Brand Ambassador and purchase decision variable
is positive at 0.157, which means that the two variables have a positive relationship. So it
can be stated that if the Brand Ambassador variable increases in the unit, then the
purchase decision variable also increases by 0.157.
d. Product Quality
The value of the coefficient in the Product Quality variable and the purchase
decision is positive of 0.249, which means that the two variables have a positive
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Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4277
relationship. So it can be stated that if the Product Quality variable increases in one unit,
then the purchase decision variable also increases by 0.249.
Price
The value of the coefficient in the Price and Purchase Decision variables is positive
at 0.514, which means that the two variables have a positive relationship. So it can be
stated that if the Price variable increases in one unit, then the purchase decision variable
also increases by 0.514.
Test Data Instruments
Table 2
Validity Test
The validity test was determined by the formula df=(n-2) so that in the study df=
100-2=98 was obtained. So the resulting r-table is 0.196. If the R-value of the calculation
is less than the R table (0.196), it is declared invalid, but if the R-value of the calculation
is greater than the R of the table, it can be concluded that the test taker is considered valid.
Reliability Test
The resiliency test in this study uses the Chronbach Alpha method with the
condition that if the Chronbach Alpha value > 0.70, the instrument is declared reliable.
Table 3
Reliability Test
T
Indicator
R Count
R Table
Information
Brand
Ambassado
r
(X1)
X1.1
0.846
0.196
Valid
X1.2
0.779
0.196
Valid
X1.3
0.790
0.196
Valid
Product
Quality
(x2)
X2.1
0.771
0.196
Valid
X2.2
0.835
0.196
Valid
X2.3
0.799
0.196
Valid
Price (x3)
X3.1
0.817
0.196
Valid
X3.2
0.816
0.196
Valid
X3.3
0.845
0.196
Valid
Purchase
Decision
(Y1)
Y1.1
0.785
0.196
Valid
Y1.2
0.807
0.196
Valid
Y1.3
0.742
0.196
Valid
Item-Total Statistics
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.
The results of the feasibility test showed that the Cronbach's Alpha value of the
Brand Ambassador variable was 0.934, the product quality variable was 0.933, the Price
variable was 0.909, and the purchase decision variable was 0.952. This shows that the
value of all variables is from 0.70 or (>0.70) which means that all variables are declared
reliable.
Classical Assumption Test
The normality test in this study uses the Kolmogorov-Smirnov method, with the
right criteria in the significant intention test < 0.05 means that the data distribution is
abnormal, and if it is >0.05 the data is distributed normally.
Table 4
Classical Assumption Test
The results of this normality test showed that the significant value generated from
the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is 0.012 (>0.05), so it can be stated that the data is normally
distributed. This result can also be proven by the normal probability test histogram and
the graph of the results of the Plot of Regression Residual as follows.
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Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4279
The results of the graph test above show that the curve is perfectly bell-shaped,
which means that it is distributed normally.
The results of the normal probability plot graph state that the data can be in the form
of points that are close to the diagonal line, it is stated that the data can spread in the
diagonal line area and follow the direction of the diagonal line, so it can be concluded
that the data is distributed normally.
Multicollinearity Test
The multicollinearity test in this study can be done by looking at the magnitude of
the tolerance value and the value of VIF (Variant Inflation Factor). Whether the tolerance
value is greater than 0.1 (>0.10) and the VIF is less than (<10) means that the regression
model is free from multicollinearity.
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Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4280
Table 5
Multicollinearity Test
The results of the multicollinearity test above stated that the tolerance value of the
Brand Ambassador variable was 0.189 or (>0.10) and the VIF value was 5,317 (<10),
then the tolerance value of the Product Quality variable was 0.192 (>0.10) and the VIF
value was 5,197 (<10), then the tolerance value on the Price was 0.201 (>0.10) and the
VIF value was 4,982 (<10). Therefore, it can be stated that the independent variable is
free from multicollinearity.
Heteroscedasticity Test
The heteroscedasticity test in this study was used by the graph method using
a scatterplot. This method has criteria if the dots that spread on the graph do not form a
certain pattern, it can be stated that there is no heteroscedasticity.
The results of the heteroscedasticity test above state that the pattern of the
distribution of the points produced does not form a specific pattern and spreads on the
graph. So it has the conclusion that no heteroscedasticity is detected.
Uji Hipotesis
The partial test or test in this study was used by looking at the magnitude of the sig
t value and the t-count value. If the sig t value is less than 0.05 (<0.05) and the t-count
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Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4281
value is greater than the t-count value, it can be stated that there is a partially significant
influence between the independent variable (X) and the dependent variable (Y).
Table 6
Uji T
Coefficientsa
Model
Unstandardized
Coefficients
Standardized
Coefficients
t
Mr.
B
Std. Error
Beta
1
(Constant)
.687
.779
.882
.380
BRAND
AMBASSA
DOR
.157
.132
.151
1.189
.237
PRODUCT
QUALITY
.249
.133
.235
1.868
.065
PRICE
.514
.129
.490
3.975
.000
a. Dependent Variable: PURCHASING DECISION
The results of the T-test above can be analyzed as follows:
a. Brand Ambassador (X1) to Purchase Decision (Y)
The significant value of t is 0.380 < 0.05, which means that H0 is rejected and H1
is accepted. So it can be stated that brand ambassadors affect purchase decisions.
The t-hitting value is 1.189 > 1.98498, which means that H0 is rejected and H1 is
accepted. So it can be stated that a brand ambassador's personality affects purchasing
decisions.
b. Product Quality (X2) Towards Purchase Decision (Y)
The significant value of t senialai is 0.065< 0.05, which means that H0 is rejected
and H2 is accepted. So it can be stated that precisely product quality affects the purchase
decision.
The t-count value is 1.868 > 1.98498, which means that H0 is rejected and H2 is
accepted. So it can be stated that the product quality is superior to the purchase decision.
c. Price (x3) on Purchase Decision
The significant value of t is 0.000 < 0.05, which means that H0 is rejected and H3
is accepted. So it can be stated that partially the price affects the purchase decision.
The t-count value is 3,975 > 1.98498, which means that H0 is rejected and H3 is
accepted. So it can be stated that price percentage affects the purchase decision.
Determination Coefficient Test (R2)
The determination coefficient test in this study was carried out by looking at the
magnitude of the R square value.
Table 7
Uji Koefisiem
model summaryb
model
r
r square
adjusted r
square
std. The error
of the estimate
1
.841a
.707
.698
1.366
a. Predictors: (constant), price, product quality, brand
ambassador
b. Dependent Variable: Purchase Decision
The results of the determination coefficient test above prove that the R2 value
produced is 0.707 or 70.7%. So it can be stated that the variables of brand ambassador,
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product quality, and price can explain 70.7% of the purchase decision variable, and the
remaining 29.3% is explained by other variables that are not included in this study.
Based on the results of data processing using the SPSS application version 25
above, it is stated that the results of the Brand Ambassador variables, product quality, and
price on purchase decisions on Radiance Up Y.O.U Beauty serum products are as follows:
Brand Ambassador has a significant influence on purchasing decisions for Radiance
Up Y.O.U Beauty serum products
Based on the results of the linear regression calculation in the T-test, it is stated that
the Brand Ambassador has a significant influence on the purchase decision, then Ha is
accepted and Ho is rejected, which means that in terms of the brand, ambassador variable
has a significant influence on the purchase decision of the Radiance Up Y.O.U Beauty
serum product. The results of this study are also in line with research conducted by the
study which stated that brand ambassadors have a significant positive influence on
purchasing decisions.
Product quality has a significant effect on the purchase decision of Radiance Up
Y.O.U Beauty serum products.
Based on the results of the linear regression calculation in the T-test, it was stated
that product quality had a significant influence on the purchase decision, so Ha was
accepted and Ho was rejected, which means that the product quality factor has a
significant influence on the product purchase decision in the Radiance Up Y.O.U Beauty
serum product. The results of this study are also in line with research conducted by those
who state that product quality has a significant influence on purchasing decisions.
Price has a significant effect on the purchase decision of Radiance Up Y.O.U Beauty
serum products.
Based on the results of the calculation on the T-test, it is stated that the price has a
significant influence on the purchase decision, so Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, where
the price has a significant influence on the purchase decision of the Radiance Up Y.O.U
Beauty serum product. The results of this study are also in line with the research
conducted by the study showing that there is a significant difference between price and
purchase decision.
Conclusion
In conclusion, these three variables play an important role in influencing consumer
purchasing decisions. Brand Ambassador has proven to have a significant influence on
increasing consumer interest in buying products. This shows that the use of well-known
figures or celebrities can create emotional closeness with consumers, thus encouraging
them to be more interested and motivated to try the product. In addition, product quality
also has a significant influence on purchasing decisions. Consumers consider that
products that have good quality and suit their needs are more likely to be chosen than
other products on the market. In other words, the quality presented by Radiance Up serum
products is a key factor that affects consumer satisfaction and loyalty to the Y.O.U Beauty
brand.
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Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4283
Overall, this study reveals that the decision to purchase Radiance Up Y.O.U Beauty
serum products in Sidoarjo Regency is greatly influenced by a combination of Brand
Ambassadors, product quality, and price. These three factors must be managed well by
the company to create an effective marketing strategy and be able to compete in the
growing cosmetics market. Thus, Y.O.U Beauty is expected to continue to maintain and
improve its marketing strategy by selecting the right Brand Ambassador, maintaining
product quality, and setting prices that are by consumer purchasing power.
The Influence of Brand Ambassador, Product Quality, and Price on Product Purchasing
Decision Store in Sidoarjo
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4284
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