p-ISSN: 2723-6609 e-ISSN: 2745-5254
Vol. 5, No. 10 October 2024 http://jist.publikasiindonesia.id/
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4534
The Relationship Between The Intensity of Using Tiktok
Social Media on Self-Confidence in College Students
Ayu Guspita Sari
1*
, Ratna Yunita Setiyani Subardjo
2
Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Email: [email protected]
*
*Correspondence
ABSTRACT
Keywords: Student; The
intensity of TikTok's social
media use; Confidence
This research aims to analyze the relationship between the
intensity of TikTok social media use and confidence in students,
to find out the increase in confidence in the intensity of TikTok
social media use in students, and to find out whether the intensity
of TikTok social media use decreases confidence in students. The
research approach carried out is quantitative. The data collection
technique in this study is a list of questions (questioner). Data was
collected through a questionnaire shared with 384 active student
respondents at various Indonesian universities who used TikTok
social media. In this study, the results of the analysis showed a
significant positive relationship between the intensity of TikTok
social media use and self-confidence. So, it can be said that there
is a relationship between the intensity of TikTok social media use
and confidence. Thus, students who intensely use TikTok social
media experience an increase in confidence and students who
intensely use TikTok social media do not experience a decrease in
confidence. This finding is expected to provide students with
insight into the intensity of TikTok social media use and how
it can affect self-confidence. Therefore, students need to use
TikTok social media wisely to choose to watch positive videos in
order to increase their confidence.
Introduction
Self-confidence plays a crucial role in a person's personality and can significantly
impact their achievements and social interactions (Khairina & Soedirham, 2022). In
today's digital era, social media platforms such as TikTok have become integral to how
people present themselves and engage with others. The rising popularity of TikTok
among Indonesian college students has raised questions regarding its influence on their
self-confidence. Despite TikTok’s potential as a creative outlet, there is concern about the
impact of excessive use on users' psychological well-being, including self-perception and
confidence (Karimi & Saadatmand, 2014).
According to Karimi and Saadatmand, (2014) The potential that a child has will
appear by itself when the child has a high level of confidence. In addition, showing an
attitude of respecting requests and giving praise to children will increase children's
confidence. The difference in the level of confidence that individuals have will certainly
affect the achievement of learning achievements. Individuals who have high confidence
The Relationship Between The Intensity of Using Tiktok Social Media on Self-Confidence in
College Students
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4535
will get good achievements because they always think positively and believe in their own
abilities. Likewise, individuals who have low confidence will have unsatisfactory
learning achievements because they always think negatively and do not believe in their
abilities and potential. That individuals who have good self-confidence have confidence
and always try to develop their potential to the maximum and show the best of themselves
is proven by an achievement. This is in accordance with the opinion of Komara (2016).
Confidence in adolescents is seen in the attitude of accepting oneself as self-
acceptance is an attitude that reflects a sense of pleasure in relation to one's own reality.
This attitude is a manifestation of satisfaction with the quality of real self-ability.
Teenagers who are satisfied with their qualities will tend to feel safe, not disappointed
and know what they need, so they can be independent and not depend on others in
deciding everything objectively (Lestari & Mamus, 2022; Mualifah et al., 2019).
A person's appearance can be affected by their level of confidence, if they have a
low level of confidence, there will be a negative influence. Students who have high
confidence will easily interact with other students, be able to express opinions without
any doubt and respect the opinions of others, be able to act and think positively in
decision-making, on the other hand, students who have low confidence will find it
difficult to communicate, give opinions, and will feel that they cannot compete with other
students (Oktaheriyani, 2020).
Because of the influence of confidence on appearance, a student's confidence can
be observed through his presentation or the intensity of use on TikTok social media. So
the use of TikTok social media has become a routine for teenagers, especially students at
this time. Through the TikTok social media, students were able to share all their activities,
creativity, and happiness which they then uploaded. TikTok social media users can also
use this social media to share things such as photos, videos, and others. The presence of
TikTok social media is also used to express the user, then this is what is able to form
student confidence. TikTok Social Media has also made it easier for a person to express
their hearts, feelings, and what is happening in their users' lives through writings, songs,
videos, simple symbols, and others (Oktaheriyani, 2020).
Social media is a media platform that focuses on activities and collaborations Dijk,
(2013). Social media can be seen as a facilitator that strengthens the relationship between
users as well as a social bond. Social media has several characters that some other types
of media do not have Dijk, (2013) in (Papa et al., 2018). Some of the characteristics of
social media are; network, information, archives, interaction, simulation, content by
users, dissemination (Nasrullah, 2016; (Matondang & Zarriyati, 2023; Nurhuda et al.,
2023). The rapid development of popular culture in Indonesia is the result of the TikTok
application.
According to Dini in Nugroho (2020), TikTok is a Chinese social network and
music video platform that was launched in September 2017. According to Viv Gong,
Head of Marketing of TikTok, Indonesia is ranked the 6th largest in the world in terms of
the number of internet users, so this is the basis for the Tik Tok application to enter
Indonesia. Tik-Tok is an application created by Bytedance from China which is engaged
Ayu Guspita Sari, Ratna Yunita Setiani Subardjo
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4536
in artificial intelligence technology that is already famous in the world in terms of
information distribution through media or electronic products. Currently, based on the
results of an Indonesian poll study in collaboration with the Indonesian Internet Service
Providers Association (APJII) 2020, it is found that as many as 171.17 million people or
when percentaged, around 64.8% of the Indonesian population are Internet users. This
very large number certainly makes the Indonesian people experience cultural changes in
the media today, because of course there are new equipment and procedures that will be
adapted by the community itself in its use.
Based on data from We are Social in 2020, we found that the most common device
used by internet users aged 16 to 64 years in Indonesia is mobile phones (96%). Indonesia
has 1.752 million internet users. In 2020, it was also recorded that the number of social
media users in Indonesia increased by around 10 million compared to the previous year,
meaning that in 2020 there were 160 million Indonesians who were active on social
media. Actually, the Tik Tok application is not a new social media in Indonesia. This is
because Tik Tok has become popular in Indonesia in recent years from 2018 to 2019
(Soraya, 2017; Suhendar et al., 2024).
Two years after Tik Tok was blocked by the Ministry of Communication and
Information Technology, TikTok has now become a new trend and popular culture in
Indonesia. Popular Culture is a culture that is liked by many people and is not tied to a
certain social class, popular culture today has a greater impact in today's digital era,
because the ease of access to information has a negative impact on popular culture in a
country (Sorrels, 2015). The use of TikTok social media has become a routine for
teenagers, especially students at this time. Through the TikTok social media, students
were able to share all their activities, creativity, and happiness which they then uploaded.
TikTok social media users can also use this social media to share things such as photos,
videos, and others. The presence of TikTok social media is also used to express the user,
then this is what is able to form student confidence. TikTok social media has also made
it easier for a person to express their hearts, feelings, and what is happening in their users'
lives through writings, songs, videos, and simple symbols and others (Oktaheriyani,
2020).
Previous research has been conducted by Devin Dwi Budi Ambarwati who
examined the relationship between self-confidence and the intensity of social media use
in adolescents. The results of the study showed negative results between self-confidence
and the intensity of social media use. However, the research only examined adolescents.
The relationship between the intensity of TikTok social media use and student confidence
needs further research. This is interesting from previous research because research for
students in Indonesia has not been found, therefore based on the phenomenon that
occurred, the relationship between the intensity of TikTok social media use and the sense
of confidence in students wants to be further researched. Researchers observed several
TikTok student users with the research conducted, and to confirm the phenomenon, the
researcher conducted a short interview with several students involved in the research
conducted. The results of the interview can be seen from the table below.
The Relationship Between The Intensity of Using Tiktok Social Media on Self-Confidence in
College Students
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4537
Table 1. Interview Results
No
Name
Origin of
University
Age
The intensity of
TikTok's social
media use
1
HRS
UNISA Yogyakarta
20
5X
2
WSU
UNISA
Yogyakarta
19
6X
3
FO
UAD
Yogyakarta
20
4X
4
SDC
UIN Raden Intan
Lampung
20
4X
5
NRA
UNSRI
Palembang
21
3X
6
AH
Universitas
Khairun Maluku
Utara
22
8X
From the results of the interviews, on January 4-5, 2024, the researcher
interviewed 6 random students in Indonesia, including 4 female students and 2 male
students aged 19-25 years. They came from Sriwijaya University, UIN Raden Intan
Lampung, Aisyiyah University Yogyakarta, Ahmad Dahlan University and Khairun
University of North Maluku who used TikTok to assess the relationship between the
intensity of TikTok social media use and student confidence. Is there an increase in
confidence after using the TikTok application, or is there a decrease in student
confidence?
It turned out that the 3 students experienced an increase in confidence; they said
the reason was that TikTok social media had different filters to beautify themselves so
that they were more beautiful and not inferior, some said that TikTok social media
increased their confidence because it increased the connection to communicate, many
positive comments to be more confident, expressing themselves, a lot of inspiration both
clothes and makeup to appear more confident, a lot of educational, parenting and spiritual
content to be bolder and better and more confident.
However, 3 other students experienced a decrease in confidence, according to
them the reason after using Tiktok social media became inferior because they often saw
Ayu Guspita Sari, Ratna Yunita Setiani Subardjo
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4538
women who were more beautiful and better than them on TikTok, there were also those
who received negative comments from netizens who were less pleased, sad and heart-
wrenching content often acted to make them sad for a long time because they had
experienced betrayal that made them feel inferior and lowered their confidence. This
interview was conducted online by phone. Seeing the phenomenon that occurs in today's
students who lack confidence, are shy to communicate, and have difficulty adapting
affects the confidence of students. Since no previous research has been found on the
relationship between the intensity of TikTok social media use for students in Indonesia,
therefore, the researcher is interested in further researching the relationship between the
intensity of TikTok social media use and student confidence.
The specific problem addressed in this research is the effect of TikTok social
media usage intensity on the self-confidence of college students. Previous studies have
primarily focused on general social media platforms, with mixed results regarding their
impact on self-esteem and social interactions. However, little research has specifically
examined TikTok, particularly in the Indonesian context. This study aims to fill this gap
by exploring how the intensity of TikTok use affects confidence levels in Indonesian
college students.
The novelty of this research lies in its focus on TikTok—a platform known for its
short, creative videos—and its specific effect on self-confidence among college students
in Indonesia. Unlike previous studies that broadly examine social media’s influence, this
research delves into TikTok's unique features, such as its use of filters, trends, and social
validation, and how these elements contribute to changes in self-confidence. By
highlighting how TikTok users interact with the platform differently compared to other
social media, this study offers new insights into the role of user engagement and self-
presentation in shaping confidence.
The objectives of this study are as follows. First, to find out the relationship
between the intensity of TikTok social media use and the level of confidence in students.
This study aims to identify whether there is a significant correlation between frequent use
of TikTok and students' confidence levels in daily life. Second, this study also aims to
understand how the use of TikTok can increase students' confidence, especially in the
aspects of social interaction and self-expression. Finally, this study wants to examine
whether the intensity of TikTok use can actually lower the level of confidence in students,
by paying attention to possible negative effects such as dependency or unhealthy social
comparisons.
Furthermore, this research has practical implications for both users and educators,
as understanding the impact of TikTok usage on students’ self-confidence can guide the
development of healthier social media habits. It also provides evidence for future studies
to investigate how specific features of emerging social media platforms influence
psychological well-being. Ultimately, this study aims to contribute to the literature by
providing context-specific insights into social media's effects, offering a basis for
strategies to mitigate negative impacts while enhancing positive experiences.
The Relationship Between The Intensity of Using Tiktok Social Media on Self-Confidence in
College Students
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4539
Methods
This research method uses a quantitative method. The research was conducted
from July 17 to August 7, 2024. The population of this study is active students from
various universities in Indonesia who use TikTok social media aged 18 to 25 years, female
or male. The study consisted of 384 respondents determined from the Krejcie and Morgan
tables. Data collection is done by distributing measurement scales through Google Forms
to get quick and accurate responses. The scale used in this study is the Confidence scale
adapted from the previous research, which belongs to Panji Candra Ramadhan (2022).
And the scale of the intensity of TikTok social media use modified from the previous
study, which belongs to Panji Candra Ramadhan (2022).
Results and Discussion
The characteristics of the subjects of this study are active students from various
universities in Indonesia who use TikTok social media aged 18-25 years, female or male.
The study consisted of 384 respondents. Based on the explanation above, this study was
conducted to find out whether or not there is a relationship between the intensity of Tiktok
social media use and confidence in students, to find out whether there is an increase in
confidence in the intensity of TikTok social media use in students, and to find out whether
the intensity of TikTok social media use decreases confidence in students.
The results of the analysis based on the results of the research data will be
presented one by one, namely the validity test, reliability test, normality test, linearity
test, and hypothesis test, namely the product moment correlation test.
The results of the validity test analysis of the TikTok social media usage intensity
variable, which showed that there were 19 items that were said to be valid out of the total,
namely 24 items with a reliability value of 0.880, where the item condition can be said to
be reliable if the value is >0.5. The results of the Validity Test of the confidence variable
showed that there were 27 items that could be declared valid out of a total of 31 items
with a reliability of 0.895 where the item condition could be said to be reliable if the value
was >0.5.
The results of the normality test analysis. The results of the normality test show a
significance of 0.101 Based on the decision making of the normality test, if the
significance value > 0.05, the data is normally distributed, but if the value < 0.05, the data
is said to be not normally distributed. The statistical value of the normality test is 0.101
which means a significance value of 0.101 > 0.05 and the data of the Confidence variable
and the TikTok Social Media Intensity variable show normal distributed data.
The next analysis is a linearity test that serves to determine whether or not there
is a linear relationship between two variables, namely the self-confidence bound variable
and the independent variable TikTiok Social Media Usage Intensity. The provision for
two variables is said to be linear if the significance value < 0.05 is said to be linear, but if
the significance value is > 0.05 then the two variables are not said to be linear. The
statistical results of the linearity test were obtained with a significance value of 0.000 >
Ayu Guspita Sari, Ratna Yunita Setiani Subardjo
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4540
0.05 which showed that the two variables were linearly related. This happened because
the value of deviation from linearity > 0.05.
The correlation product moment hypothesis test in the results of this study showed
that the significance of 0.000 which means that both the intensity of TikTok social media
use and the self-confidence variable have a significant relationship. The correlation
product moment test value obtained a value of 0.000 so that the results of the coefficient
interval and the level of relationship between the scale of TikTok social media use
intensity and confidence in students had a strong relationship level.
Based on the results of statistical tests that have been passed through every step
and process, it proves that the intensity of TikTok social media use has a positive
relationship with strong self-confidence. The positive relationship in question is that the
higher the intensity of TikTok social media use, the higher the confidence in students.
This study strengthens the previous research, which discussed the relationship
between the intensity of Instagram social media use and the confidence of students
majoring in management at the State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim
Malang class of 2021. (Case study in the city of Malang) The results of the study show
that there is a positive relationship between the intensity of TikTok social media use and
the confidence of students.
Based on the explanation above, it can be concluded that the scale of TikTok
social media usage intensity and confidence has a strong relationship with positive
patterns. So, the higher the intensity of a person's use of TikTiok social media, the higher
their confidence will be. Thus, students who intensely use TikTok social media
experience an increase in confidence and students who intensely use TikTok social media
do not experience a decrease in confidence.
In completing this study, the researcher also realized that there are many
weaknesses in this study, the weaknesses are as follows:
a) In this study, there are still limitations that researchers have difficulty in finding
respondents due to the large number of samples needed and the need to collect
respondents, namely active students who intensely use TikTok social media from
various universities in Indonesia.
b) This research also still produces research that discusses self-confidence in general
and does not have a specific level of confidence.
c) In this study, only a questionnaire was used in the form of a google form which was
still very lacking in results because it allowed respondents to fill out this
questionnaire with less seriousness. With this research, it is hoped that it can be a
literature reference that can be used as a reference in future research.
Conclusion
In this research, the relationship between the intensity of using TikTok social media
with student confidence has been analyzed. Based on the data and analysis carried out,
the results of the study show that the relationship between the intensity of TikTok social
media use and confidence in students has a positive relationship. This means that the
The Relationship Between The Intensity of Using Tiktok Social Media on Self-Confidence in
College Students
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 4541
higher the intensity of a person's use of TikTiok social media, the higher their confidence
will be. Thus, students who intensely use TikTok social media experience an increase in
confidence and students who intensely use TikTok social media do not experience a
decrease in confidence.
This finding is expected to provide insight for students that the intensity of TikTok
social media use can affect self-confidence. Therefore, students need to use TikTok social
media wisely to choose to watch positive videos in order to increase their confidence.
For future researchers, this study opens up opportunities for further exploration of
other factors that may be more related to student confidence. Future researchers are
encouraged to consider other untested variables or different research methodologies to
obtain a more comprehensive picture.
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