Analysis of Junction Congestion and ITS Handling Efforts on Urban Roads

ABSTRACT


Introduction
Transportation has a very important role in supporting people's economic growth and is the lifeblood of a country's economic development (Iriyena, Naukoko, & Siwu, 2019).The success of the development is greatly influenced by the role of transportation as the lifeblood of political, economic, socio-cultural, and security defense (El Hafizah, Mahendra, Sekartadji, & Firdausi, 2023).Therefore, the success of development must be supported by a good transportation system, by the needs and developments of the times.
In general, transportation is an activity of moving something (goods and/or goods) from one place to another, either with or without means (Zahra, Manalu, Nabillah, & Dewi, 2024).So the definition of transportation means a process, namely the process of moving, moving, transporting, and transferring where this process cannot be separated from the need for supporting equipment to ensure the smooth process of moving according to the desired time (Do Ceu, Pandulu, & Arifianto, 2018).
Indonesia as one of the developing countries experiences more complex problems compared to developed countries, ranging from technical problems and problems that support development itself (Ferdila & Us, 2021).One of the problems that until now has not been able to be handled is congestion.
One of the areas in West Java province that experiences transportation problems is Bogor Regency, where transportation in Bogor Regency is notoriously jammed and unorganized (Razi & Sumberdaya, 2014).The Bogor Regency Government itself has carried out a public transportation arrangement program which is carried out in several stages.Until now, the stage that has been completed by the Bogor Regency Transportation Office is to encourage all city transportation managers to form legal entities by the mandate contained in Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Transportation Traffic (Hidayati, 2017).
Incidents like this also occurred on Jalan Raya Dramaga, Bogor Regency, especially at the intersection of the Dramaga Ring Road (Sholahudin & Hendardi, 2020).Apart from the imbalance between road capacity and vehicle volume, congestion is caused by public transportation (angkot) that stops carelessly on the road, trucks, malls, IPB campuses, Terminals, Markets, and others.Previously, the existence of the Dramaga Ring Road (JLD) was built to relieve congestion on the Dramaga Highway.However, every day the volume of vehicles continues to increase, causing long traffic jams on Jalan Raya Dramaga.

Research Methods
The scope of this research area is located in Dramaga District, Bogor Regency.The location of this research was based on the rapid growth of trade and service activities as well as higher education which resulted in a high volume of traffic that crossed the Dramaga Highway.
To the existing objectives, the method used in this study is the data collection method, namely literature study, agency survey, and observation.

Literature Studies
This literature study is taken from reading books, documents, theses, laws, and regulations as well as thoughts related to the research theme.

Agency Survey
An agency survey is a data collection technique carried out by collecting data from related agencies, such as the Bogor Regency Highway Service, the Bogor Regency Transportation, Communication and Information Service (DISHUBKOMINFO), and the Development Planning Agency.

Observation
Observation is a direct observation in the field of the object of study by observing the existing conditions of congestion on Jalan Raya Dramaga.Traffic Counting Survey, namely: The observation carried out is direct observation by way of a survey to calculate the number of vehicle traffic volumes, geometric data is carried out by calculating Traffic Counting.This calculation is carried out to find out the number of vehicles passing in front of the Traffic control monitoring point (Syaikhu, Widodo, & Arifianto, 2017).
As for the length of the survey time, it is carried out by the predetermined post point for 12 hours, namely at (06.00 -13.00 -18.00 WIB) which is intended to find out the volume of vehicle traffic passing through the Dramaga Highway.

Analysis Methods
The method applied in the research process is determined by the research motto used.identifying congestion in Jalan Raya Dramaga consists of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis.

Geographical Conditions of Bogor Regency
Bogor Regency is part of West Java Province with the Regency Capital in Cibinong District.Geographically located between 6°19' North Latitude -6°47' South Latitude and between 106°01' -107°103' East Longitude.Administratively, North Bogor Regency borders Depok City; The South is bordered by Sukabumi Regency; To the east, it is bordered by Purwakarta Regency and Bekasi Regency; and to the West it borders Lebak Regency and Province.
Banten.The total area of Bogor Regency is 2,663.81km2 with 40 sub-districts and 434 villages/sub-districts.

Road Network Pattern
Based on the status of the road, the road network in Dramaga District consists of National Roads and Regency Roads.Meanwhile, based on its function, it is divided into Primary Arterial Roads and Collector Roads (Pujiyono & Subiyakto, 2021).In general, the road network in Dramaga District forms a linear road network pattern.

Physical Condition of Roads and Intersections
The physical condition and pattern of the road network at the research site consisted of the length and width of the road as well as the geometric condition of the road.

Conclusion
One of the areas in West Java Province that has experienced transportation problems is Bogor Regency, which is famous for being jammed and unorganized, especially at the Dramaga Ring Road Intersection.This problem is caused by an imbalance between the capacity of the road and the volume of vehicles and public transportation that often stops carelessly on the road body.
Traffic problems at the Dramaga Ring Road Junction are triggered by several factors, including the intersection between the traffic flow of vehicles and another, commonly known as conflict points.In addition, the traffic light at the location is not functioning properly, and the area is a dense commercial area.The characteristics of traffic movements at the Dramaga Ring Road Junction show that on holidays and weekdays, there are peak hours, generally in the morning at 07.00 WIB -08.00 WIB and the afternoon at 17.00 WIB -18.00 WIB.The results of the traffic volume analysis on Jalan Raya Dramaga show that on holidays, the traffic volume reaches 1,611 SMP/hour, while on weekdays the traffic volume reaches 1,545 SMP/hour.
The level of road service at the Dramaga Ring Road Junction from the results of the analysis shows that the road section is quite low, which indicates that the road service is quite high but the travel speed is low.This shows that there is a disturbance in the road section.