p–ISSN: 2723 - 6609 e-ISSN: 2745-5254
Vol. 5, No. 7 July 2024 http://jist.publikasiindonesia.id/
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3572
Analysis of the Effect of Temporal Changes on the Coolant
Viscosity of the Pendinggin System on Motorcycles
Zein Muhamad
1*
, Indra Surya
2
, Gilang Prayoga
3
Universitas Bandar Lampung (UBL), Indonesia
E-mail: [email protected]
1*
2
,
3
*Correspondence
ABSTRACT
Keywords: temperature
change, viscosity, cooling
system.
A combustion motor is a machine that converts chemical
energy to motion energy, where the working system of a
combustion motor produces power or engine rotation which
is produced from the process of combustion in the
combustion chamber (cylinder). In addition to producing
power and rotation, it also produces heat (thermal) as a result
of the combustion process. Excessive heat generated by the
combustion process can also cause problems if not overcome
properly, can cause overheating. Therefore, a good cooling
system such as radiator coolant is needed, in the fluid cooling
system there is viscosity (viscosity of the substance) which
can affect the absorption of heat. The following are the test
results at temperatures of 27.8oC (0.35dpa.s), 70oC
(0.275dpa.s), 90oC (0.25dpa.s). If the viscosity value is low,
then in the flow rate the faster the heat absorption and heat
transfer will be more effective, while if the viscosity value is
high, then in the flow rate the slower the heat absorption and
heat transfer process becomes ineffective.
Introduction
A combustion motor is a machine that converts chemical energy to motion energy,
wherein the working system of a combustion motor produces power or engine rotation
which is produced from the process of combustion in the combustion chamber (cylinder)
between fuel mixed with air and then compressed by the piston and then sparks by spark
plugs (spark plugs) then an explosion or combustion occurs in the combustion chamber
which produces power or rotation. (Muchlisinalahuddin, 2018). In addition to generating
power or rotation, it also produces heat (thermal) as a result of the combustion process
(Wantasen, Luntungan, & Tarore, 2020).
Excessive heat generated by the combustion process can also cause problems if not
overcome properly, if not handled properly because it can cause overheating and can also
cause damage to other engine components (DESKAM, 2023). A good cooling system
such as a coolant radiator is useful to keep from overheating and maintain the temperature
so that it is always optimal, this system works using a cooling fluid (coolant) that passes
Analysis of the Effect of Temporal Changes on the Coolant Viscosity of the Pendinggin System
on Motorcycles
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3573
through the part to be cooled such as a water jacket (SARI, Hadiyanto, & Muhammad,
2019).
The viscosity of a coolant is determined by the amount of friction between the
particles in the coolant. The higher the viscosity value, the more difficult it is for the fluid
to flow and the more difficult it is for the fluid to move in the liquid. (Santiko &
Heriyawan, 2024).
Newton's law of viscosity states that at a constant rate of angular deformation of a
fluid, the shear stress is directly proportional to the viscosity [Victor L. Streeter, E.
Benjamin Wylie Linguist Arko Prijiono 1958 (Darmawan, 2023). In addition to the time
meeting, the type of fluid temperature also greatly determines the level of viscosity.
(Wanti, 2015).
Viscosity is a disadvantage that is related to the obstacle to the manager. Some
fluids can flow quickly but some are slow. Flowing fluids such as glycerin, honey, and
oil, this is because they have a large viscose. Therefore, viscosity will affect the flow
speed of a fluid. (LILIPALY & MAYA, 2018).
Heat Transfer By Conduction is the process of transferring heat from a high-
temperature area to a low temperature in a solid medium or by medium-medium is
different from direct interaction. In conduction flow, the transfer of energy occurs through
direct molecular bonding without the movement of large molecules. (Permatahati, 2019).
According to kinetic theory, the temperature of a material element is proportional to the
average kinetic energy of the molecules that make up the element. The energy possessed
by a material element caused by the velocity and relative position of its molecules is called
inner energy. (Mufidah et al., 2023). Therefore, the faster the molecules move, the higher
the temperature and energy of the elements of matter. Conduction is the only mechanism
by which heat can flow in a solid substance that is impermeable to light.
The basis for heat transfer was proposed by a French scientist, J.B.J. Fourier, in
1882. he states that in units (Btu/h*), the rate of heat flow in deep conduction in the
material is as follows;
Where
k: Thermal Conductivity
(Fahrenheit/foot)
A: Flow surface area (ft2)
dT/dX: Gradient Temperature
Zein Muhamad, Indra Surya, Gilang Prayoga
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3574
Research Methods
Figure 1 Flow Chart
Where the author's method is used by using the Analysis method, in this test
HONDA PRE-MX 800ml brand coolant media and testing tools using an iron vt - 04f
viscometer. The implementation of the thesis has the needs and needs of the data in it.
The following are the stages carried out by the author, including:
1. Literature Studies
By taking and collecting data from book literature, research results, and research
journal references.
2. Observation
It is a direct observation activity (visual) this research aims to observe the work
system and in the acquisition of data and information.
3. Defining a Testing Tool
Where in the implementation of this test using the Rion vt - 04F viscometer tool
using a spindle no3
4. Coolant Selection
In this test, the coolant of the HONDA PRE – MIX brand was used with a capacity
of 800ml.
5. Data Acquisition
Data collection during viscosity testing took place with temperatures of 27.8oC,
70oC, and 90oC on HONDA PRE – MIX Coolant media
Tools and Materials
1. Viskometer rion vt - 04f
2. Thermocouple
3. Measuring Cups
4. Thermo Scientific CIMAREC Stirring Hot Plates
5. Stopwatch
Analysis of the Effect of Temporal Changes on the Coolant Viscosity of the Pendinggin System
on Motorcycles
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3575
6. Coolant radiator HONDA PRE-MIX
Results and Discussion
Results of Viscosity Testing of Fluids and Heat Transfer by Conduction,
Convection and Heat Transfer Combined with the temperatures used were 27.8oC, 70oC,
and 90oC.
Table 1
Viscosity Test Results at 27.8oC
media
Spindl
e
Tempe
rature
Result
time
coolan
t
honda
pre-
mix
NO 3
27,8
0,35
dpa.s
60
Table 2
Viscosity at 70oC
Media
Spindle
Temper
ature
Result
Time
coolant
honda
pre-mix
NO 3
70oc
0,275
60
Table 3
At 90oC
Media
Spindle
Temper
ature
Result
Time
COOLA
NT
HOND
A PRE-
MIX
NO 3
90
0,25
60
Seacra Heat Transfer (Conduction) at Temperatures of 27.8oC, 70oC, and 90oC.
Calculation at Temperature 27.8oC.
Known;
k: 225,94 W/m²·K
A : 12594,54 mm2 → 0,01259454 m2
dT : 27,8 oC → 300,95
o
K
dX: 8mm → 0,008m
Solution:
= -107048,881 watt (W)
Zein Muhamad, Indra Surya, Gilang Prayoga
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3576
Discussion at 70oC Temperature
Known k: 225,94 W/m²·K
A :12594,54 mm
2
→ 0,01259454 m
2
dT : 70
o
C → 343,15
o
K
dX: 8mm → 0,008m
= -122058.899 watt (W)
Discussion at 90oC Temperature
Known k: Aluminum 225,94 W/m²·K
A : 12594,54 mm2 → 0,01259454 m
2
dT : 90
o
C → 363,15
o
K
dX: 8mm → 0,008m
qk = -225,95 x 0,01259454 363,15/0,008
= -129172,925 watt (W)
Seacra Heat Transfer (Convection) at Temperatures 27.8oC, 70oC, and 90oC.
Discussion at 27.8oC.
=A.
(
)
Known
A : 628 mm
2
→ 0,000628 m
2
: 225,94 W/m²·K
: 27,8oC → 300,15
o
K
: 27,8oC → 300,95
o
K
Settlement
= 0 watts (W)
Discussion at 70
oC
Temperature
=A.
(
-
)
Known:
A : 682 mm
2
→ 0,000628 m
2
: 225,94 W/m²·K
: 70
o
C → 343,15
o
K
Analysis of the Effect of Temporal Changes on the Coolant Viscosity of the Pendinggin System
on Motorcycles
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3577
: 27,8
o
C → 300,95
o
K
Solution
= 0,000628 ×225,94 (343,15-300,95)
= 5,987 watts (W)
Discussion at 90oC Temperature
=A.
Known:
A : 628 mm
2
→ 0,000628 m
2
: 225,94 W/m²·K
: 90oC → 363,15
o
K
: 27,8oC → 300,95
o
K
Solutions:
= 8,825 watts (W)
Combined Conduction Heat Transfer
UA: Heat transfer coefficient
Overall Wattage (W)
1: Constant
R
n
: Each of the results of
Conduction heat transfer
(watts)
Solution;
Convection Combined Heat Transfer
UA: Heat transfer coefficient
Overall Wattage (W)
1: Constants
R
n
: Each of the results of
Conduction heat transfer (watts)
Solution;
Zein Muhamad, Indra Surya, Gilang Prayoga
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3578
Combined heat transfer of conduction and convection
UA: Heat transfer coefficient
Overall Wattage (W)
1: Constants
Rn: Each result of
Conduction heat transfer (watts)
Solution;
Coolant Flow Discharge Measurement on Radiators
The flow rate can be measured with the formula.
Known:
q : Debit aliran
m
3
/s
v : 101 (ml) (0,000101 m
3
)
t : 15,82 (s)
6,384 m
3
/s
Conclusion
The viscosity of a fluid will affect the process of cooling, when a fluid has a low
viscosity, the flow rate is faster which makes it easier to ferment the fluid with heat more
effectively in heat transfer, while if the viscosity is high, the flow rate will be slower so
that the heat absorption process is ineffective. If the viscosity is very high, a large amount
of energy is needed to pump it to adjust the flow needed, so that the process of heat
absorption and heat transfer is more effective.
Analysis of the Effect of Temporal Changes on the Coolant Viscosity of the Pendinggin System
on Motorcycles
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3579
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