p–ISSN: 2723 - 6609 e-ISSN: 2745-5254

Vol. 5, No. 7 July 2024 http://jist.publikasiindonesia.id/

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3203

Interactive Multimedia Development of Indonesian Endemic

Plants: Species Uniqueness with MDLC Approach

Yani Ami Atun

*, Bryan Bagus Pambudi

, Bayu Azra Maulana

Institut Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto, Indonesia

Email:

[email protected]

, [email protected]

[email protected]

*Correspondence

ABSTRACT

Keywords: interactive

multimedia, endemic

plants, MDLC, media

development, interactive

learning.

This research explores the development of interactive

multimedia with a focus on Indonesia's endemic plants,

applying the Multimedia Development Lifecycle (MDLC)

as a design approach. MDLC provides a systematic

foundation with six related phases, including concept,

design, material collection, assembly, testing, and

distribution, to ensure the success of educational media

development. The hardware and software required for

multimedia creation are also outlined, providing a

comprehensive overview of the technology infrastructure

used. Design steps include concepts that consider visual

uniqueness, intuitive navigation, deep content, and

connectivity to learning needs. The storyboard design breaks

down into sections, including splash screens, main menus,

material menus, evaluations, and information, each designed

to provide an optimal user experience. Material collection

involves selecting multimedia assets, including images,

letters, and icons, integrated using Adobe Illustrator

software. The assembly process is carried out through

Construct 2, creating an interactive and dynamic interface.

Black Box testing is conducted to verify compliance with

optimal design and functionality. Supporting theories, such

as multimedia concepts, MDLC, and the definition of

Indonesia's endemic flora, provide a strong theoretical

foundation. Results and discussions include evaluations of

Alpha and Beta testing that show positive user responses.

Overall, this research concludes that interactive multimedia

successfully provides an effective and engaging learning

experience, ready for widespread distribution.

Introduction

The latest technological advances are the main factors supporting the renewal

efforts. The role of technology is very important, especially in society in developing

countries (Mertayasa & Pascima, 2024). The government and the public are very

concerned about the current technological developments because they realize that the role

Yani Ami Atun, Bryan Bagus Pambudi, Bayu Azra Maulana

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3204

and function of technology are very important for life. The presence of modern

technology in the field of communication has affected all fields, including education

(Novita & Harahap, 2020).

Media is an inseparable part of the learning process because educational goals can

be achieved through media. One of the media that keeps students engrossed in learning is

interactive multimedia content, such as PowToon-based themed learning. PowToon-

based interactive multimedia in class V theme learning has been validated by material

experts, linguists, and media experts (Pratiwi, 2021). Therefore, it is suitable for use in

theme learning. PowToon-based interactive multimedia proved to be very practical when

tested to students and teachers. Practicality is tested in small group experiments and field

tests. Based on the results of the pre-test and post-test, PowToon-based interactive

multimedia content is suitable for use in thematic learning in class V because it can have

a significant impact (Donna, Egok, & Febriandi, 2021).

Interactive multimedia is a combination of various media (file formats) in the form

of text, images (vectors or bitmaps), graphics, sounds, animations, videos, interactions,

etc., used to convey messages packaged in digital files (computerized) and used for

general use (Albani, Rachman, & Kurniawan, 2022).

Previous work on interactive multimedia content was carried out by (Rejekiningsih,

Budiarto, & Sudiyanto, 2021) The results of this research and development are interactive

multimedia products based on local potential which is a learning media innovation as well

as an overview of the feasibility of interactive multimedia products developed. Further

research by (Sama & Fransisco, 2022) This research aims to create an augmented reality

endemic plant AR application that will help introduce endemic plants to grade 4 students

of SDN 03 Siddadi.

In an effort to develop a multimedia-based learning system, it is necessary to apply

a methodology that is in accordance with the needs of the system. One of the relevant

approaches is to involve the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) development

model. In this method, there are six stages that must be passed, namely Concept, Design,

Material Collection, Assembly, Testing, and Distribution (Lee & Herman, 2023).

MDLC is a technology that combines the real-world dimension with the virtual

world dimension that is displayed in real time, in contrast to virtual reality which only

adds to or complements what exists in the real world, not completely replaces it. MDLC

specifically refers to applications related to multimedia and is currently widely used in

research related to multimedia and mobile applications (Mazda & Fikria, 2021).

Indonesia is a country with a very diverse diversity of flora and fauna, from Sabang

to Merauke. Indonesia's amazing diversity of flora and fauna is due to its geographical

location located near the equator and stretching across the islands of Indonesia (Wardana,

Ramadhan, Aznur, Putri, & Ikhwan, 2023).

Due to the lack of material innovation, the opportunity to introduce children to

plants and animals is still considered low. Education that introduces children to flora and

fauna is very important to preserve the existence of flora and fauna in Indonesia (Wardani,

2020).

Interactive Multimedia Development of Indonesian Endemic Plants: Species Uniqueness with

MDLC Approach

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3205

Based on the above research, the author designed a learning media about endemic

flora with the aim of getting to know the diversity of endemic flora and how to make

interactive multimedia-based learning media using construct 2 to find out how to apply

the methods used.

Research Methods

Research Stages

In designing a multimedia-based learning system, the Multimedia Development

Lifecycle (MDLC) methodology is used as an appropriate approach for learning media

design. MDLC, as a tested and structured design method, provides a comprehensive

framework to oversee every stage of learning media system development. This

methodology consists of six interrelated phases, namely the Concept, Design, Data

Collection, Assembly, Testing, and Distribution phases, which are designed to ensure

success in producing effective learning media and in accordance with the desired learning

objectives, in line with the quality standards and timeliness required in the context of this

research (Ambarwati & Darmawel, 2020).

Here are the tools needed to make learning media:

Table 1

Hardware

Name

Information

Windows 11 64-

bit

Processor

AMD Ryzen 5 5500U with Radeon

Graphics

RAM

8.00 GB

Storage

512 GB

Table 2

Software

Name

Information

Adobe

Illustrator

Asset editing software

Google

Chrome

Looking for the assets needed to create

learning media

Construct

Software used to design and design

learning media

In designing interactive multimedia of Indonesia's endemic flora, the following are

the stages:

a. Concept

In order to succeed in the development of interactive multimedia focusing on

Indonesia's endemic plants, it is necessary to consider a number of critical criteria,

including attractive visual distinctiveness, intuitive navigation, in-depth and informative

content, and a close connection to the needs of the learning process.

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Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3206

b. Design

The next stage will lead to the creation of storyboards, which are based on the

concepts that have been obtained in the previous stage in this research. The storyboard

design process will be articulated into several segments, including detailed visualizations,

interactive navigation settings, and the incorporation of multimedia content. It aims to

ensure the development of interactive multimedia that is not only informative but also

facilitates engaging and structured learning.

c. Material Collection

The author will collect a number of essential materials to support the design of this

learning media. This process involves the search and selection of information sources,

including text, images, and multimedia elements that are relevant to content about

Indonesia's endemic plants

d. Perakitan

The incorporation of design elements for learning media about endemic flora is

realized through the use of Construct 2 software. By utilizing this platform, authors

compose and put together various visual elements such as images and illustrations, audio

elements including backgrounds and sound effects, and navigation buttons.

e. Testing

The designed learning media will undergo testing using the Black Box method to

verify the suitability of the content with the established storyboard. In addition, testing

will also focus on its functionality on the platform in question, by ensuring that the

application can run smoothly. All buttons in the app will also be tested to ensure good

functionality, so that users can access and interact with learning content optimally.

Results and Discussion

The results arising from the application of the MDLC method in the development

of interactive multimedia for endemic plants can be achieved through a series of research

stages that have been carried out. The details of the steps that have been taken in this

study include:

Concept

In this step, the researcher designs the concept of the system flow in a short and

easy-to-understand way. This is so that the system can help in counseling about endemic

plants to the community at large.

Planning

This design step produces a research plan using the program structure, UML, and

system design as an overview of how the system will be implemented. Here are the details

for the program structure design, UML, and system design:

1. Program Structure

The following is the program structure of an interactive multimedia system that

delves into endemic flora:

Interactive Multimedia Development of Indonesian Endemic Plants: Species Uniqueness with

MDLC Approach

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3207

Figure 1. Structure of the Endemic Flora Interactive Multimedia Program

UML Design

In the development of interactive multimedia about endemic flora, the application

of UML is carried out as a means of providing visual modeling languages or graphic

representations for users with various programming backgrounds or in the context of

general engineering. The types of diagrams used are as follows:

Figure 2

Use Case Diagram Multimedia Interaktif Flora Endemic

Figure 4 shows a use case diagram of an interactive multimedia being developed,

which provides an overview of the interaction between the user and the system. In this

interactive multimedia, there is one involved party (actor) and six main use cases, as well

as two use cases included in the material menu, such as use cases for flora and video.

Next, the next UML diagram is a sequence diagram as shown in figure 3.

Figure 3. Sequence Diagram

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Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3208

Sequence diagrams play a role in explaining and visualizing the interactions

between objects in a system in detail. In the context of this interactive multimedia, there

are two sequence diagrams, where the first sequence diagram depicts the user's interaction

when starting the application. The second sequence diagram illustrates user interaction

when running the application.

An Activity Diagram will illustrate the activities or processes that can be performed

by the system, not just the actions performed by the actors. Therefore, this diagram will

highlight the activities that the system can perform. In the context of interactive

multimedia that is being developed, there are eight activities that can be carried out by

users. Starting from displaying the main page, displaying evaluations, displaying material

in the form of text or video, to returning to the main menu.

Design Perancangan Program

Program planning plays an important role in the development of interactive

multimedia. From this design, a guide was generated regarding the display and layout of

the menu and content that will be displayed on the interactive multimedia that is being

developed.

The main page is designed with a clean and responsive layout, featuring a variety

of functional buttons for easy user navigation. There is an "Information" button that

provides access to more information or instructions related to the application, as well as

a "Mute/Unmute" button to control the sound or music that accompanies this interactive

multimedia.

In addition, there is a "Material" button that allows users to explore the content or

materials presented in multimedia. The "Evaluation" button provides direct access to the

evaluations or quizzes integrated in this app, allowing users to gauge their understanding.

Finally, there is an "Exit" button that gives you the option to exit the app. This design

aims to provide an intuitive and enjoyable user experience, making it easy for users to

explore and interact with the various features provided.

Figure 4. Material Page Design

The material menu page is designed with an attractive and informative layout,

featuring a "Back to Home" button to return to the main page, a "Mute/Unmute" button

to control the sound, and a "Next/Back Material" button for content navigation. The

material is accompanied by pictures, providing an interactive learning experience and

attractive visuals.

Interactive Multimedia Development of Indonesian Endemic Plants: Species Uniqueness with

MDLC Approach

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3209

The information button is created to provide the user with information about the

developer when clicked. The window that appears contains the identity of the developer,

namely, photo, name, and study program.

Once the user enters the answer, they can click on the "Check" button to instantly

know if their answer is correct or not. This design provides a quick and clear interactive

experience, making it easy for users to participate and get immediate feedback on the

answers they provide.

Material Collecting

In endemic flora research, the process of gathering material involves retrieving

assets from external sources, such as Google, that fit into the context of the endemic flora

being studied. Once the assets are acquired, the next step is to separate and merge them

using Adobe Illustrator (Freepik, 2024).

Figure 5. Set assets in adobe illustrator

In the early stages, the assets obtained from Google were processed and separated

using Adobe Illustrator to customize and optimize their functionality in the interactive

multimedia of endemic flora. Using this technique, the assets can be rearranged and

adjusted to better suit the needs of the research.

Perakitan

In this step, the researcher designed interactive multimedia as best as possible in

order to convey information about endemic flora to users. Here are the results of the

assembly process:

Figure 6. Interface Splash Screen

When you open the interactive multimedia, the initial experience will be preceded

by a splash screen page display displaying the title of this multimedia, which is "Flora

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Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3210

Endemic." This page is designed to give an interesting first impression and immediately

focus the user's attention on the uniqueness and diversity of endemic flora that will be

explored in the interactive content.

The main menu page presents a variety of features that include information about

the developer's profile, allowing users to explore further. In addition, there is a music

setting button to turn the music on or off according to the user's wishes. There is also a

material menu button that facilitates access to various informative content, as well as an

evaluation option to measure user understanding. Lastly, an exit button is provided to

provide an option to exit the app easily. The design of this page is designed to provide an

intuitive user experience and a wide range of features that support convenient interactive

multimedia exploration.

The information page is designed as an access point to get to know more about the

developer profile behind this interactive multimedia. With the presence of photos that

depict the developer's face and expressions, users can feel more personally connected.

The name of the developer along with the study program (study program) that is followed

provides more detailed information about the academic background and expertise that can

enrich the user's understanding of the resources they use.

The material page presents rich informative content about Indonesia's endemic

plants, complementing the material with real images that enrich the user's visual

experience. Each material is comprehensively designed to provide an in-depth

understanding of the uniqueness and diversity of Indonesia's endemic flora, creating an

informative and engaging learning experience.

In this video material, a more detailed explanation of endemic plants will be given.

Through this video, it is hoped that users can gain a deeper understanding related to its

characteristics, uniqueness, and distribution. The existence of this video material is

expected to increase user understanding of the material presented, creating a more

interactive and informative learning experience.

Figure 7. Evaluation Interface

The evaluation feature on this interactive multimedia is designed through a guessing

format, where users will be shown a picture. After that, they can input an answer in the

form of the name of the endemic flora described. Through the press of the "Check" button,

the results of the evaluation of the user's answer will appear immediately, providing

instant feedback on whether the answer is correct or incorrect. The design aims to enrich

Interactive Multimedia Development of Indonesian Endemic Plants: Species Uniqueness with

MDLC Approach

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3211

the user's learning experience in an interactive way and provide an opportunity to test

their knowledge of Indonesia's endemic flora.

Testing

In this phase, researchers will run two types of tests, namely Alpha testing carried

out by the researcher himself, and Beta testing that involves direct user participation.

Alpha Testing

In this testing stage, the researcher will evaluate the visual aspects and functionality

of each button contained in the venomous animal interactive multimedia, as listed in

Table 1.

Table 3

Alpha Testing

From the data contained in Table 1, five test sessions were carried out on each

feature available in the interactive multimedia. Every component successfully operates

smoothly without encountering errors.

Beta Testing

In the beta test, after 30 respondents fill out a Google form, the data from the

questionnaire will be analyzed using the beta test method to evaluate the effectiveness of

the interactive multimedia that has been developed. There are 14 assessment indicators

with five levels of assessment, namely: 1 = very bad, 2 = not good, 3 = not good, 4 = quite

good, 5 = very good. For example, on the indicator "Attractive and satisfying multimedia

visual display"

In figure 19, it can be seen that the measurement results for assessment indicator 1,

where out of 30 respondents, 18 gave very good assessments, 12 gave quite good

assessments, while no respondents gave poor assessments, bad assessments and very bad

assessments. Therefore, when calculated in terms of ratings, the results are as follows:

Distribution

After the evaluation stage is complete, the application is ready for publication. The

distribution process can be done through a link on the website and using storage media

such as a usb drive, so that it can be easily accessed by users.

Komponen yang

diuji

Skenario Pengujian

Pengujian

Keterangan

Menu Utama

Memilih Tombol "Informasi"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Musik"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Materi"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Evaluasi"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Exit"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Materi

Memilih Tombol "Home"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Musik"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol " Previous"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Next"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Video"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Video

Memilih Tombol "Home"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Musik"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Play"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Pause"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Evaluasi

Memilih Tombol "Home"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Musik"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Previous"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Next"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Memilih Tombol "Cek"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Informasi

Memilih Tombol "Keluar"

BlackBox

✓

Berhasil

Yani Ami Atun, Bryan Bagus Pambudi, Bayu Azra Maulana

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3212

Conclusion

This research succeeded in developing interactive multimedia focusing on endemic

plants in Indonesia with the Multimedia Development Lifecycle (MDLC) approach. The

MDLC methodology is used as a structured framework, involving six related phases,

namely concept, design, material collection, assembly, testing, and distribution. Involving

detailed hard and soft tools, this study describes the process of creating interactive

multimedia about Indonesia's endemic flora, which is piloted through Alpha and Beta

testing. The test results showed a positive response from users, with an average score of

4.74 out of a scale of 5. Thus, the conclusion of this study confirms that the interactive

multimedia developed is able to provide an effective and enjoyable learning experience

around the uniqueness of Indonesia's endemic plant species. The distribution of this media

can be done extensively through website links and storage media, ensuring optimal

accessibility for users interested in exploring Indonesia's endemic plant diversity.

Interactive Multimedia Development of Indonesian Endemic Plants: Species Uniqueness with

MDLC Approach

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 3213

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