The Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning-Jigsaw Model to Enhance Students’ Speaking
Ability: an Experimental Study at Xi Grade of MAN 1 Mataram
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, Vol. 5, No. 5 May 2024 2411
and as a result, many people who do not speak English will have difficulty accessing
information and fall behind (Adawiyah et al., 2023). Proficiency in English will facilitate
effective communication across borders in various fields such as business, science,
technology, and diplomacy. It provides access to a wealth of global resources, literature,
and information, fostering international understanding, collaboration, and cultural
exchange. Moreover, it enhances employability in a global job market and promotes
inclusivity by enabling individuals to connect and interact with people from diverse
linguistic backgrounds (Pangestika & Ratnaningsih, 2018). There are four skills that exist
in English, namely Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. Teaching English at
school contexts both at junior and senior high schools in Indonesia requires students to
master the receptive skills (listening and reading) and the productive skills (speaking and
writing) (Nurhalizah et al., 2021).
This study focuses on the productive skill since it reflects the performance of the
students. Performance is related to the ability to perform language well which is a
benchmark of success in language or achievement of English learning outcomes. From
the productive skills, speaking skill is chosen since the ability to speak is very important.
According to (Febiyanti et al., 2020) speaking is the ability to talk fluently, which requires
both knowledge of language features and the ability to process information quickly. For
non-native speakers like in Indonesia, especially English learners, mastering speaking
skill is difficult. The problem appears since the students have difficulty in arranging
words into sentences, lack self-confidence and tend to memorize the text (Sari, 2017).
This is an obstacle to enhance English language skills. With this difficulty, students are
unable to convey their ideas and information so that students tend not to improve in
speaking as happened at one of the schools in West Nusa Tenggara, namely MAN 1
Mataram.
Preliminary observation was conducted at MAN 1 Mataram, Nusa Tenggara
Barat. According to the information delivered by one of the English Teachers, the students
there mostly had a problem in their speaking ability especially at XI grade since the XI
grade has the lowest speaking ability among the other two grades seen from the way of
presenting a material and the discussion in the class. Also, the author made the second
observation in order to ensure the teacher's information regarding the lack of speaking
ability by observing the speaking activity in the class. The author saw that there was a
problem in speaking ability especially at XI grade that was characterized by a lack of
ability to make a sentence, tend to memorize the text and have low self-confidence.
Therefore, the author decided to conduct a study which aims to focus on Students'
speaking ability especially at XI grade students of MAN 1 Mataram.
There are basically many solutions to solve the speaking problem such as Content-
Based Approach, Audience-Centric Approach, Cooperative Learning, and so forth. This
study chooses Cooperative learning as a problem-solving since the author believes that in
order to solve an issue related to a speaking ability, the approach which focuses and forces
collaborative learning is needed. Cooperative Learning (CL) refers to a teaching method
that allows students to work together on research projects (Namaziandost et al., 2020).