p–ISSN: 2723 - 6609 e-ISSN: 2745-5254
Vol. 5, No. 4 April 2024 http://jist.publikasiindonesia.id/
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1843
Digital Measuring Instruments for Height and Weight with
Microcontroller-Based Sound Output
Adi Chandranata
1*
, Roza Susanti
2
, Ade Hakimi Putri
3
Politeknik Negeri Padang, Indonesia
Email: [email protected]
*Correspondence:
ABSTRACT
Keywords:
Digital Gauges, Height,
Weight, Arduino, Sound
Output.
Height and weight measuring devices simultaneously
provide ideal weight information that will be handy for
users. This study aims to provide an instrument that can be
used as a measuring instrument for height and weight and
whether or not a person's body is ideal. Therefore, in
research, measuring instruments that can simultaneously
measure height and weight and provide ideal information or
not measured weight. This measuring instrument uses
Arduino Uno as its brain, ultrasonic sensors to measure
height, and strain gauge/load cell sensors to measure weight.
Arduino processes data from both sensors to get the ideal
body weight (BBI). The height, weight, and ideal body
criteria values will be displayed on the LCD. Furthermore,
the speaker will issue sound information regarding the
condition of body weight, namely ideal, fat, or thin. Based
on the testing and data analysis results, the average error
percentage value in height measurement is 0.45%, and in
weight measurement is 1.65%. At the same time, the success
rate of the appearance of voice information is 99%.
Introduction
Humans still measure height manually using measuring instruments such as meters
and rulers. This design will make a tool that will measure ideal height and weight
automatically by utilizing a microcontroller as a controller of the tool to be designed
(Afdali, Daud, & Putri, 2017). Measurement of height and weight in general has been
done automatically; in this case, automatic measurements of height and weight are done
using different tools (Nurlette & Wijaya, 2018). In addition, the measurement results of
both height and weight have been read carefully by the sensor used (Kusriyanto &
Saputra, 2016).
"Digital Measuring Instruments for Height and Weight with Microcontroller Based
Sound Output," as the title. The intention is that the time used by humans will be more
efficient and reduce measurement errors (FITRIYANTI, 2017). This tool uses a weight
sensor (load cell) to measure weight and an ultrasonic sensor to measure height, combined
with Arduino, where the measured height and weight can be seen directly through the
LCD screen and speakers (Ludya, Herlambang, & Yunidar, 2023).
Adi Chandranata, Roza Susanti, Ade Hakimi Putri
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1844
Efforts to make weight and height-measuring devices have been carried out by
several researchers, including Fadli (RIDHO, 2016), who designed and built an ideal
weight and height-measuring device based on a microcontroller. (EKO PRAYOGA,
2017) also developed a weight and height measuring system that uses a microcontroller
AT89S51. Furthermore, there is research on developing integrated digital height and
weight-measuring instruments (Iswandy & Suhemi, 2017). Dila Taufik has also made the
weight and height measurement system display sound output and LCD. Therefore, in the
design of this tool, a height and weight measuring instrument was developed whose
measurement results included ideal, fat, and thin information, which is presented in the
form of writing on the LCD and in the form of sound on the speaker (NIRWANTO, n.d.).
Thus, height and weight measurements become more accessible, faster, practical,
accurate, and complete with ideal weight information (Cahyono & Suprayitno, 2018).
The purpose of this study is to provide an instrument that can be used to measure
height and weight and whether or not a person's body is ideal.
Research Methods
The design of this tool consists of several main parts, namely the Microcontroller
and ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04, a 180 kg load cell, and a push-button as input to the
microcontroller. The ultrasonic sensor acts as a height reader, the load cell acts as a weight
reader, and the push button acts as an input for the user's gender choice as input to the
microcontroller, which will be processed and produce number output through the LCD
and the form of sound through the speaker. Voice data is first recorded and then stored in
an SD Card in WAV format. For the microcontroller to access data on the SD Card, an
SD Card module must be used to communicate with the microcontroller.
Electronica/Hardware Planning
In hardware design, from push buttons, ultrasonic sensors, and load cells to LCD
performers and sound output through speakers that output results from height and weight
measurements.
Ultrasonic Sensor Family (HC-SR04)
Figure 1. Design of Ultrasonic Sensor to Microcontroller
The tests in this section relate to the accuracy of the ultrasonic sensor HCSR-04 in
measuring distances according to the design in Figure 23. The circuit from the ultrasonic
sensor (HC-SR04) to the microcontroller (Arduino UNO) is as follows: VCC pin
connected to pin 5V, GND to GND, trigger pin to pin 6, and echo pin to pin 7. This test
is done by comparing the actual height with the high reading on the sensor.
Heavy Sensor Network (Load Cell)
Digital Measuring Instruments for Height and Weight with Microcontroller-Based Sound
Output
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1845
Figure 2. Load Cell to Microcontroller Family
This test relates to the accuracy of the load cell in weighing with the design in Figure
24. The load cell circuit to the microcontroller is connected to the Hx711 module with the
following pins: the white wire on the upper left load cell is connected to the white wire
of the upper suitable load cell, the white wire of the lower left load cell is connected to
the white wire of the lower suitable load cell, the black wire of the upper left load cell is
connected to the black wire of the lower left load cell, The black wire of the upper suitable
load cell is connected to the bottom left black wire, the red wire in the load cell is
connected to the Hx711 module with the following pins: the red wire of the lower suitable
load cell is connected to E+, the red wire of the upper left load cell is connected to E-, the
red wire of the upper suitable load cell is connected to A-, the red wire of the lower left
load cell is connected to A+. It is also connected to Arduino UNO with pins VCC to 5V,
GND to GND, DT to pin A0, and SCK to pin A1. This test is done by comparing the
actual body weight with the weight reading on the sensor.
Push Button Network
Figure 3. Push the Button to the Microcontroller circuit
The push button is first pressed to start measuring the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor
and load cell weight sensor. Push button1 (PB1) is used to read female criteria, and push
button2 (PB2) is used to read male criteria. A series of push buttons are connected to the
microcontroller by pins: PB1 foot to pin 6, PB2 foot to pin 7, and the other leg to GND.
LCD Network
Adi Chandranata, Roza Susanti, Ade Hakimi Putri
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1846
Figure 4. LCD to Microcontroller Family
The LCD serves as a user's high appearance and weight and features ideal criteria,
such as fat and thin. The LCD is assisted by the I2C module so that the pins inserted into
the microcontroller are slightly more compared to the LCD legs. Up to the LCD I2C
network to the microcontroller with the pin: VCC to 5V pin, GND to GND, SDA to SDA
pin, and SCL to SCL pin.
Speaker Network
Figure 5. Speaker to Microcontroller Circuit Using
Modul SD Card
The speaker serves as an output to emit the user's high voice, weight, and ideal
criteria, fat and thin. Connect the speaker to the microcontroller assisted with the SD card
module as the place or position of the SD Card/memory. The speaker-to-microcontroller
network uses the SD Card module with a VCC pin to pin 9 and GND to GND (speaker).
VCC to pin 5V, GND to GND, CS to pin 10, SCK to pin 13, MOSI to pin 11, and MISO
to pin 12.
Software Planning
The design of this software consists of flowcharts. A flowchart of a digital gauge
for height and weight with microcontroller-based sound output can be seen in Figure 6
and Figure 7 below.
Digital Measuring Instruments for Height and Weight with Microcontroller-Based Sound
Output
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1847
Start
Int jarak, int berat, int tinggi, int HT,
int speaker, int LCD, int BBI;
Jarak,
berat;
Jarak;
Tinggi = HT – jarak; Berat;
Berat > 1
BBI = (tinggi – 100 – ((tinggi – 100)*0.1)
Berat = BBI
Berat < BBI
Stop
Y
Y
Y
Y
T
T
T
T
Ideal
Kurus
Gemuk
LCD, speaker
Figure 6. Flowchart of Male Height and Weight Measuring Instruments
Adi Chandranata, Roza Susanti, Ade Hakimi Putri
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1848
Start
Int jarak, int berat, int tinggi, int HT,
int speaker, int LCD, int BBI;
Jarak,
berat;
Jarak;
Tinggi = HT – jarak; Berat;
Berat > 1
BBI = (tinggi – 100 – ((tinggi –
100)*0.15)
Berat = BBI
Berat < BBI
Stop
Y
Y
Y
Y
T
T
T
T
Ideal
Kurus
Gemuk
LCD, speaker
Figure 7. Flowchart of Women's Height and Weight Measurement Tool
Mechanical Planning
This section will show the entire construction drawing of the 2D design tool drawn
by the author in Figure 8.
Digital Measuring Instruments for Height and Weight with Microcontroller-Based Sound
Output
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1849
Figure 8. 2D Design
Tool section description:
1. Ultrasonic sensor placement
2. Area LCD
3. Placement of push button
4. Active speaker placement
5. Microcontroller placement box, SD card module and SD card, and Power Supply
6. Load Cell sensor placement
From software planning, hardware planning, and mechanical planning above,
height and weight measurements determine the ideal weight using the Broca hokum.
Broca's hokum formula:
Woman: BBI = (TB – 100 – ((TB – 100)*15%))
Man: BBI = (TB – 100 – ((TB – 100)*10%))
Information: BBI = ideal weight (kg)
TB = height (cm)
Broca's formula: Broca's formula cannot be used to diagnose diseases or health
problems in a person. Broca's formula is just one simple and easy way to estimate a
person's ideal weight based on height. Calculating the ideal body weight with Broca's
formula is only sometimes accurate because age and bone weight factors or body
proportions exist.
Results and Discussion
Height System Testing
Height system testing is carried out by comparing height measurements using
design tools against conventional height measurements using a meter. Determining the
error percentage of height can be calculated by the following formula:
Error =
Adi Chandranata, Roza Susanti, Ade Hakimi Putri
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1850
The test results are shown in Table 1. The following
Table 1
Height measurement test results (TB)
No
Name
TB
Actually
(cm)
TB
Terukur
(cm)
Error
Percentage
(%)
1.
Refan
185
185
0
2.
Rivaldo
171
172
0.58
3.
Feni
152
151
0.66
4.
Arga
164
164
0
5.
Asep
172
173
0.58
6.
Kelana
178
178
0
7.
Hanni
151
152
1.33
8.
Zaida
152
153
0.65
9.
Ji'i
150
152
0.67
10
Deta
171
171
0
Average error percentage difference
0.45
From Table 2. The results of conventional height and height measurements are
obtained from the results of the tools that have been designed so that the percentage error
results are obtained, with the following search: measured height 151 cm, actual height
152 cm.
Persentase error =
=
= 0.66%
So, the average error rate in height measurement with 10 different users is 0.45%.
Weight Loss System Testing
The weight system testing is carried out by comparing the measurement results
using a design tool against the results of weight measurement using a conventional
digital scale. Determining the percentage of error in body weight can be calculated by
the following formula:
Error =
Both weight measurement results are shown in Table 2. the following.
Table 2
Weight measurement (BB) test results
No
Name
BB Actually
(kg)
Rated BB
(kg)
Error
Percentage
(%)
1.
Refan
83
81
2.41
2.
Rivaldo
65
65
0
3.
Feni
40
41
2.5
4.
Arga
46
46
0
5.
Asep
48
47
2.08
6.
Kelana
69
70
1.44
7.
Hanni
53
51
3.77
8.
Zaida
50
50
0
9.
Ji'i
45
44
2.22
10.
Deta
61
62
1.64
Digital Measuring Instruments for Height and Weight with Microcontroller-Based Sound
Output
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1851
Average error percentage difference
1.60
From Table 3. The results of conventional weight measurement and body weight
are obtained from the results of the designed tool so that the percentage error results are
obtained, with the following search: measured weight 81 kg, actual weight 83 kg.
Error =
=
= 2.41%
So, the average error rate in weight measurement with 10 different users is 1.60%.
Criteria Viewer System Testing
The testing of the ideal body, thin, and fat criteria viewer system was calculated
using Broca's formula. The formula for calculating the ideal body weight (BBI),
according to Broca, is as follows:
Women: BBI = (TB – 100 – ((TB – 100)*15%))
Man: BBI = (TB – 100 – ((TB – 100)*10%))
The results of a person's body criteria are obtained with Broca's formula in Table 3.
Table 3
Criterion viewer system testing
No
Name
TB
Terukur
(cm)
Rated
BB
(kg)
BBI
(kg)
Criterion
1.
Refan
185
81
77
Fat
2.
Rivaldo
172
65
65
Ideal
3.
Feni
151
41
43
That
4.
Arga
164
46
58
That
5.
Asep
173
47
66
That
6.
Kelana
178
70
71
That
7.
Hanni
152
51
44
Fat
8.
Zaida
153
50
43
Fat
9.
Ji'i
152
44
44
Ideal
10.
Deta
171
62
61
Fat
From Table 4. A user's ideal body criteria (BBI) are obtained by calculating using
the Broca formula. So the BBI value is obtained as follows: TB (L) 185 cm, BB (L) 81
kg, TB (P) 151 cm, BB (P) 41 kg.
Woman: BBI = (TB – 100 – ((TB – 100)*15%)) = (151 – 100 – ((151 –
100)*15%))
= 51 – 7.65
= 43.35 kg
From these results, the ideal body weight of 43.35 kg was obtained, while the
weight of the tool that had been designed was 41 kg, so the body criteria were declared
thin.
Man: BBI = (TB – 100 – ((TB – 100)*10%))
Adi Chandranata, Roza Susanti, Ade Hakimi Putri
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1852
= (185 – 100 – ((185 – 100)*10%)) = 85 – 8.5
= 76.5 kg
From these results, the ideal body weight of 76.5 kg was obtained, while the
weight of the tool that had been designed was 81 kg, so the body criteria were declared
fat.
Sound Viewer System Testing
The sound viewer system consists of an Arduino (as a controller), an SD card
module, and speakers. This system works to produce sound information according to
body weight conditions. Previously, the sound was first recorded and stored on the SD
card. This sound viewer system test is intended to test the system's performance in
displaying sound precisely according to the user's weight condition. The data for these
test results are shown in Table 5.
Table 4
Sound viewer system testing
Name
TB
Teruk
ur
(cm)
Rated
BB
(kg)
Criterio
n
Voice output
Refan
185
81
Fat
Your body height
is a hundred and
eighty-five, your
weight is dy-one,
and your body
criteria are fat.
Rivald
o
172
65
Ideal
Your body height
is one hundred
and seventy-two,
your weight is six
pulu five, and
your body criteria
are ideal.
Feni
151
41
That
Your body height
is fifty-one, your
weight is forty-
one, and your
body criteria are
thin.
Arga
164
46
That
Your body height
is a twenty-four-
name; your weight
is forty-six
criteria, and your
body is thin.
Asep
173
47
That
Your body height
is a hundred and
seventy-three, and
your weight is
forty-seven. Your
body criteria are
thin.
Digital Measuring Instruments for Height and Weight with Microcontroller-Based Sound
Output
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1853
Kelan
a
178
70
That
Your body height
is one hundred
and seventy-eight,
your weight is
seventy, and your
body criteria are
thin.
Hanni
152
51
Fat
Your height is one
hundred and fifty-
two, your weight
is fifty-one, and
your body is fat.
Zaida
153
50
Fat
Your body height
is one hundred
and fifty-three,
your weight is
fifty, and your
body criteria are
fat.
Ji'i
152
44
Ideal
Your body height
is fifty-two, your
weight is forty-
four, and your
body criteria are
ideal.
Deta
171
62
Fat
Your body height
is seventy-one,
your body is sixty-
two, and your
body is fat.
LCD Display
The display of the LCD screen during the height and weight measuring instrument
can be seen as follows:
Figure 9. Initial Display on LCD
Figure 10. Display Push Button Options
Figure 11. LCD Screen Display at the time of Measurement
Adi Chandranata, Roza Susanti, Ade Hakimi Putri
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1854
Figure 12. Display of Body Criteria
Conclusion
Based on the design and results of system testing that has been carried out, it can
be concluded that: (1) Height measurement with 10 different users has an error rate of
0.45%. (2) Weight measurement with 10 different users has an error rate of 1.60%. (3)
From 10 users, there are criteria with a ratio of 1:2:2 (ideal:fat: thin). (4) The sensors have
measured the appearance of sounds for height, weight, and criteria. (5) The LCD is as
desired.
Digital Measuring Instruments for Height and Weight with Microcontroller-Based Sound
Output
Indonesian Journal of Social Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, April, 2024 1855
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